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Molecular Mechanisms of Mouse Skin Tumor Promotion
Multiple molecular mechanisms are involved in the promotion of skin carcinogenesis. Induction of sustained proliferation and epidermal hyperplasia by direct activation of mitotic signaling pathways or indirectly in response to chronic wounding and/or inflammation, or due to a block in terminal diffe...
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Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)
2010
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3033564/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21297902 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers2020436 |
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author | Rundhaug, Joyce E. Fischer, Susan M. |
author_facet | Rundhaug, Joyce E. Fischer, Susan M. |
author_sort | Rundhaug, Joyce E. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Multiple molecular mechanisms are involved in the promotion of skin carcinogenesis. Induction of sustained proliferation and epidermal hyperplasia by direct activation of mitotic signaling pathways or indirectly in response to chronic wounding and/or inflammation, or due to a block in terminal differentiation or resistance to apoptosis is necessary to allow clonal expansion of initiated cells with DNA mutations to form skin tumors. The mitotic pathways include activation of epidermal growth factor receptor and Ras/Raf/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. Chronic inflammation results in inflammatory cell secretion of growth factors and cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukins, as well as production of reactive oxygen species, all of which can stimulate proliferation. Persistent activation of these pathways leads to tumor promotion. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-3033564 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2010 |
publisher | Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI) |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-30335642011-02-04 Molecular Mechanisms of Mouse Skin Tumor Promotion Rundhaug, Joyce E. Fischer, Susan M. Cancers (Basel) Review Multiple molecular mechanisms are involved in the promotion of skin carcinogenesis. Induction of sustained proliferation and epidermal hyperplasia by direct activation of mitotic signaling pathways or indirectly in response to chronic wounding and/or inflammation, or due to a block in terminal differentiation or resistance to apoptosis is necessary to allow clonal expansion of initiated cells with DNA mutations to form skin tumors. The mitotic pathways include activation of epidermal growth factor receptor and Ras/Raf/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. Chronic inflammation results in inflammatory cell secretion of growth factors and cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukins, as well as production of reactive oxygen species, all of which can stimulate proliferation. Persistent activation of these pathways leads to tumor promotion. Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI) 2010-04-13 /pmc/articles/PMC3033564/ /pubmed/21297902 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers2020436 Text en © 2010 by the authors; licensee Molecular Diversity Preservation International, Basel, Switzerland. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Rundhaug, Joyce E. Fischer, Susan M. Molecular Mechanisms of Mouse Skin Tumor Promotion |
title | Molecular Mechanisms of Mouse Skin Tumor Promotion |
title_full | Molecular Mechanisms of Mouse Skin Tumor Promotion |
title_fullStr | Molecular Mechanisms of Mouse Skin Tumor Promotion |
title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Mechanisms of Mouse Skin Tumor Promotion |
title_short | Molecular Mechanisms of Mouse Skin Tumor Promotion |
title_sort | molecular mechanisms of mouse skin tumor promotion |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3033564/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21297902 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers2020436 |
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