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Predictive role of mitochondrial genome in the stress resistance of insects and nematodes

Certain insects (e.g., moths and butterflies; order Lepidoptera) and nematodes are considered as excellent experimental models to study the cellular stress signaling mechanisms since these organisms are far more stress-resistant as compared to mammalian system. Multiple factors have been implicated...

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Autores principales: Pandey, Akshay, Suman, Shubhankar, Chandna, Sudhir
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Biomedical Informatics 2010
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3040000/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21346874
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author Pandey, Akshay
Suman, Shubhankar
Chandna, Sudhir
author_facet Pandey, Akshay
Suman, Shubhankar
Chandna, Sudhir
author_sort Pandey, Akshay
collection PubMed
description Certain insects (e.g., moths and butterflies; order Lepidoptera) and nematodes are considered as excellent experimental models to study the cellular stress signaling mechanisms since these organisms are far more stress-resistant as compared to mammalian system. Multiple factors have been implicated in this unusual response, including the oxidative stress response mechanisms. Radiation or chemical-induced mitochondrial oxidative stress occurs through damage caused to the components of electron transport chain (ETC) leading to leakage of electrons and generation of superoxide radicals. This may be countered through quick replacement of damaged mitochondrial proteins by upregulated expression. Since the ETC comprises of various proteins coded by mitochondrial DNA, variation in the composition, expressivity and regulation of mitochondrial genome could greatly influence mitochondrial role under oxidative stress conditions. Therefore, we carried out in silico analysis of mitochondrial DNA in these organisms and compared it with that of the stress-sensitive humans/mammals. Parameters such as mitochondrial genome organization, codon bias, gene expressivity and GC(3) content were studied. Gene arrangement and Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence patterns indicating translational regulation were distinct in insect and nematodes as compared to humans. A higher codon bias (ENC≫35) and lower GC(3) content (≫0.20) were observed in mitochondrial genes of insect and nematodes as compared to humans (ENC>42; GC3>0.20), coupled with low codon adaptation index among insects. These features indeed favour higher expressivity of mitochondrial proteins and might help maintain the mitochondrial physiology under stress conditions. Therefore, our study indicates that mitochondrial genome organization may influence stress-resistance of insects and nematodes.
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spelling pubmed-30400002011-02-23 Predictive role of mitochondrial genome in the stress resistance of insects and nematodes Pandey, Akshay Suman, Shubhankar Chandna, Sudhir Bioinformation Hypothesis Certain insects (e.g., moths and butterflies; order Lepidoptera) and nematodes are considered as excellent experimental models to study the cellular stress signaling mechanisms since these organisms are far more stress-resistant as compared to mammalian system. Multiple factors have been implicated in this unusual response, including the oxidative stress response mechanisms. Radiation or chemical-induced mitochondrial oxidative stress occurs through damage caused to the components of electron transport chain (ETC) leading to leakage of electrons and generation of superoxide radicals. This may be countered through quick replacement of damaged mitochondrial proteins by upregulated expression. Since the ETC comprises of various proteins coded by mitochondrial DNA, variation in the composition, expressivity and regulation of mitochondrial genome could greatly influence mitochondrial role under oxidative stress conditions. Therefore, we carried out in silico analysis of mitochondrial DNA in these organisms and compared it with that of the stress-sensitive humans/mammals. Parameters such as mitochondrial genome organization, codon bias, gene expressivity and GC(3) content were studied. Gene arrangement and Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence patterns indicating translational regulation were distinct in insect and nematodes as compared to humans. A higher codon bias (ENC≫35) and lower GC(3) content (≫0.20) were observed in mitochondrial genes of insect and nematodes as compared to humans (ENC>42; GC3>0.20), coupled with low codon adaptation index among insects. These features indeed favour higher expressivity of mitochondrial proteins and might help maintain the mitochondrial physiology under stress conditions. Therefore, our study indicates that mitochondrial genome organization may influence stress-resistance of insects and nematodes. Biomedical Informatics 2010-06-24 /pmc/articles/PMC3040000/ /pubmed/21346874 Text en © 2010 Biomedical Informatics This is an open-access article, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, for non-commercial purposes, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Hypothesis
Pandey, Akshay
Suman, Shubhankar
Chandna, Sudhir
Predictive role of mitochondrial genome in the stress resistance of insects and nematodes
title Predictive role of mitochondrial genome in the stress resistance of insects and nematodes
title_full Predictive role of mitochondrial genome in the stress resistance of insects and nematodes
title_fullStr Predictive role of mitochondrial genome in the stress resistance of insects and nematodes
title_full_unstemmed Predictive role of mitochondrial genome in the stress resistance of insects and nematodes
title_short Predictive role of mitochondrial genome in the stress resistance of insects and nematodes
title_sort predictive role of mitochondrial genome in the stress resistance of insects and nematodes
topic Hypothesis
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3040000/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21346874
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