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HIV-1 Molecular Epidemiology in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa: Origin, Demography and Migrations

The HIV-1 epidemic in West Africa has been dominated by subtype A and the recombinant form CRF02_AG. Little is known about the origins and the evolutionary history of HIV-1 in this region. We employed Maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods in combination with temporal and spatial information to rec...

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Autores principales: Esbjörnsson, Joakim, Mild, Mattias, Månsson, Fredrik, Norrgren, Hans, Medstrand, Patrik
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3041826/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21365013
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0017025
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author Esbjörnsson, Joakim
Mild, Mattias
Månsson, Fredrik
Norrgren, Hans
Medstrand, Patrik
author_facet Esbjörnsson, Joakim
Mild, Mattias
Månsson, Fredrik
Norrgren, Hans
Medstrand, Patrik
author_sort Esbjörnsson, Joakim
collection PubMed
description The HIV-1 epidemic in West Africa has been dominated by subtype A and the recombinant form CRF02_AG. Little is known about the origins and the evolutionary history of HIV-1 in this region. We employed Maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods in combination with temporal and spatial information to reconstruct the HIV-1 subtype distribution, demographic history and migration patterns over time in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa. We found that CRF02_AG and subsubtype A3 were the dominant forms of HIV-1 in Guinea-Bissau and that they were introduced into the country on at least six different occasions between 1976 and 1981. These estimates also corresponded well with the first reported HIV-1 cases in Guinea-Bissau. Migration analyses suggested that (1) the HIV-1 epidemic started in the capital Bissau and then dispersed into more rural areas, and (2) the epidemic in Guinea-Bissau was connected to both Cameroon and Mali. This is the first study that describes the HIV-1 molecular epidemiology in a West African country by combining the results of subtype distribution with analyses of epidemic origin and epidemiological linkage between locations. The multiple introductions of HIV-1 into Guinea-Bissau, during a short time-period of five years, coincided with and were likely influenced by the major immigration wave into the country that followed the end of the independence war (1963–1974).
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spelling pubmed-30418262011-03-01 HIV-1 Molecular Epidemiology in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa: Origin, Demography and Migrations Esbjörnsson, Joakim Mild, Mattias Månsson, Fredrik Norrgren, Hans Medstrand, Patrik PLoS One Research Article The HIV-1 epidemic in West Africa has been dominated by subtype A and the recombinant form CRF02_AG. Little is known about the origins and the evolutionary history of HIV-1 in this region. We employed Maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods in combination with temporal and spatial information to reconstruct the HIV-1 subtype distribution, demographic history and migration patterns over time in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa. We found that CRF02_AG and subsubtype A3 were the dominant forms of HIV-1 in Guinea-Bissau and that they were introduced into the country on at least six different occasions between 1976 and 1981. These estimates also corresponded well with the first reported HIV-1 cases in Guinea-Bissau. Migration analyses suggested that (1) the HIV-1 epidemic started in the capital Bissau and then dispersed into more rural areas, and (2) the epidemic in Guinea-Bissau was connected to both Cameroon and Mali. This is the first study that describes the HIV-1 molecular epidemiology in a West African country by combining the results of subtype distribution with analyses of epidemic origin and epidemiological linkage between locations. The multiple introductions of HIV-1 into Guinea-Bissau, during a short time-period of five years, coincided with and were likely influenced by the major immigration wave into the country that followed the end of the independence war (1963–1974). Public Library of Science 2011-02-18 /pmc/articles/PMC3041826/ /pubmed/21365013 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0017025 Text en Esbjörnsson et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Esbjörnsson, Joakim
Mild, Mattias
Månsson, Fredrik
Norrgren, Hans
Medstrand, Patrik
HIV-1 Molecular Epidemiology in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa: Origin, Demography and Migrations
title HIV-1 Molecular Epidemiology in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa: Origin, Demography and Migrations
title_full HIV-1 Molecular Epidemiology in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa: Origin, Demography and Migrations
title_fullStr HIV-1 Molecular Epidemiology in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa: Origin, Demography and Migrations
title_full_unstemmed HIV-1 Molecular Epidemiology in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa: Origin, Demography and Migrations
title_short HIV-1 Molecular Epidemiology in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa: Origin, Demography and Migrations
title_sort hiv-1 molecular epidemiology in guinea-bissau, west africa: origin, demography and migrations
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3041826/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21365013
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0017025
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