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Low-temperature solution growth of ZnO nanotube arrays

Single crystal ZnO nanotube arrays were synthesized at low temperature in an aqueous solution containing zinc nitrate and hexamethylenetetramine. It was found that the pH value of the reaction solution played an important role in mediating the growth of ZnO nanostructures. A change in the growth tem...

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Autores principales: Chae, Ki-Woong, Zhang, Qifeng, Kim, Jeong Seog, Jeong, Yoon-Ha, Cao, Guozhong
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Beilstein-Institut 2010
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3045914/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21977402
http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.1.15
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author Chae, Ki-Woong
Zhang, Qifeng
Kim, Jeong Seog
Jeong, Yoon-Ha
Cao, Guozhong
author_facet Chae, Ki-Woong
Zhang, Qifeng
Kim, Jeong Seog
Jeong, Yoon-Ha
Cao, Guozhong
author_sort Chae, Ki-Woong
collection PubMed
description Single crystal ZnO nanotube arrays were synthesized at low temperature in an aqueous solution containing zinc nitrate and hexamethylenetetramine. It was found that the pH value of the reaction solution played an important role in mediating the growth of ZnO nanostructures. A change in the growth temperature might change the pH value of the solution and bring about the structure conversion of ZnO from nanorods to nanotubes. It was proposed that the ZnO nanorods were initially formed while the reaction solution was at a relatively high temperature (~90 °C) and therefore enriched with colloidal Zn(OH)(2), which allowed a fast growth of ZnO nanocrystals along the [001] orientation to form nanorods. A decrease in the reaction temperature yielded a supersaturated solution, resulting in an increase in the concentration of OH(−) ions as well as the pH value of the solution. Colloidal Zn(OH)(2) in the supersaturated solution trended to precipitate. However, because of a slow diffusion process in view of the low temperature and low concentration of the colloidal Zn(OH)(2), the growth of the (001) plane of ZnO nanorods was limited and only occurred at the edge of the nanorods, eventually leading to the formation of a nanotube shape. In addition, it was demonstrated that the pH might impact the surface energy difference between the polar and non-polar faces of the ZnO crystal. Such a surface energy difference became small at high pH and hereby the prioritized growth of ZnO crystal along the [001] orientation was suppressed, facilitating the formation of nanotubes. This paper demonstrates a new strategy for the fabrication of ZnO nanotubes on a large scale and presents a more comprehensive understanding of the growth of tube-shaped ZnO in aqueous solution at low temperature.
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spelling pubmed-30459142011-10-05 Low-temperature solution growth of ZnO nanotube arrays Chae, Ki-Woong Zhang, Qifeng Kim, Jeong Seog Jeong, Yoon-Ha Cao, Guozhong Beilstein J Nanotechnol Full Research Paper Single crystal ZnO nanotube arrays were synthesized at low temperature in an aqueous solution containing zinc nitrate and hexamethylenetetramine. It was found that the pH value of the reaction solution played an important role in mediating the growth of ZnO nanostructures. A change in the growth temperature might change the pH value of the solution and bring about the structure conversion of ZnO from nanorods to nanotubes. It was proposed that the ZnO nanorods were initially formed while the reaction solution was at a relatively high temperature (~90 °C) and therefore enriched with colloidal Zn(OH)(2), which allowed a fast growth of ZnO nanocrystals along the [001] orientation to form nanorods. A decrease in the reaction temperature yielded a supersaturated solution, resulting in an increase in the concentration of OH(−) ions as well as the pH value of the solution. Colloidal Zn(OH)(2) in the supersaturated solution trended to precipitate. However, because of a slow diffusion process in view of the low temperature and low concentration of the colloidal Zn(OH)(2), the growth of the (001) plane of ZnO nanorods was limited and only occurred at the edge of the nanorods, eventually leading to the formation of a nanotube shape. In addition, it was demonstrated that the pH might impact the surface energy difference between the polar and non-polar faces of the ZnO crystal. Such a surface energy difference became small at high pH and hereby the prioritized growth of ZnO crystal along the [001] orientation was suppressed, facilitating the formation of nanotubes. This paper demonstrates a new strategy for the fabrication of ZnO nanotubes on a large scale and presents a more comprehensive understanding of the growth of tube-shaped ZnO in aqueous solution at low temperature. Beilstein-Institut 2010-12-09 /pmc/articles/PMC3045914/ /pubmed/21977402 http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.1.15 Text en Copyright © 2010, Chae et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0https://www.beilstein-journals.org/bjnano/termsThis is an Open Access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The license is subject to the Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology terms and conditions: (https://www.beilstein-journals.org/bjnano/terms)
spellingShingle Full Research Paper
Chae, Ki-Woong
Zhang, Qifeng
Kim, Jeong Seog
Jeong, Yoon-Ha
Cao, Guozhong
Low-temperature solution growth of ZnO nanotube arrays
title Low-temperature solution growth of ZnO nanotube arrays
title_full Low-temperature solution growth of ZnO nanotube arrays
title_fullStr Low-temperature solution growth of ZnO nanotube arrays
title_full_unstemmed Low-temperature solution growth of ZnO nanotube arrays
title_short Low-temperature solution growth of ZnO nanotube arrays
title_sort low-temperature solution growth of zno nanotube arrays
topic Full Research Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3045914/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21977402
http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.1.15
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