Cargando…
Inhibitory activity of a standardized elderberry liquid extract against clinically-relevant human respiratory bacterial pathogens and influenza A and B viruses
BACKGROUND: Black elderberries (Sambucus nigra L.) are well known as supportive agents against common cold and influenza. It is further known that bacterial super-infection during an influenza virus (IV) infection can lead to severe pneumonia. We have analyzed a standardized elderberry extract (Rubi...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2011
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3056848/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21352539 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-11-16 |
_version_ | 1782200256246579200 |
---|---|
author | Krawitz, Christian Mraheil, Mobarak Abu Stein, Michael Imirzalioglu, Can Domann, Eugen Pleschka, Stephan Hain, Torsten |
author_facet | Krawitz, Christian Mraheil, Mobarak Abu Stein, Michael Imirzalioglu, Can Domann, Eugen Pleschka, Stephan Hain, Torsten |
author_sort | Krawitz, Christian |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Black elderberries (Sambucus nigra L.) are well known as supportive agents against common cold and influenza. It is further known that bacterial super-infection during an influenza virus (IV) infection can lead to severe pneumonia. We have analyzed a standardized elderberry extract (Rubini, BerryPharma AG) for its antimicrobial and antiviral activity using the microtitre broth micro-dilution assay against three Gram-positive bacteria and one Gram-negative bacteria responsible for infections of the upper respiratory tract, as well as cell culture experiments for two different strains of influenza virus. METHODS: The antimicrobial activity of the elderberry extract was determined by bacterial growth experiments in liquid cultures using the extract at concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. The inhibitory effects were determined by plating the bacteria on agar plates. In addition, the inhibitory potential of the extract on the propagation of human pathogenic H5N1-type influenza A virus isolated from a patient and an influenza B virus strain was investigated using MTT and focus assays. RESULTS: For the first time, it was shown that a standardized elderberry liquid extract possesses antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive bacteria of Streptococcus pyogenes and group C and G Streptococci, and the Gram-negative bacterium Branhamella catarrhalis in liquid cultures. The liquid extract also displays an inhibitory effect on the propagation of human pathogenic influenza viruses. CONCLUSION: Rubini elderberry liquid extract is active against human pathogenic bacteria as well as influenza viruses. The activities shown suggest that additional and alternative approaches to combat infections might be provided by this natural product. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-3056848 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2011 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-30568482011-03-15 Inhibitory activity of a standardized elderberry liquid extract against clinically-relevant human respiratory bacterial pathogens and influenza A and B viruses Krawitz, Christian Mraheil, Mobarak Abu Stein, Michael Imirzalioglu, Can Domann, Eugen Pleschka, Stephan Hain, Torsten BMC Complement Altern Med Research Article BACKGROUND: Black elderberries (Sambucus nigra L.) are well known as supportive agents against common cold and influenza. It is further known that bacterial super-infection during an influenza virus (IV) infection can lead to severe pneumonia. We have analyzed a standardized elderberry extract (Rubini, BerryPharma AG) for its antimicrobial and antiviral activity using the microtitre broth micro-dilution assay against three Gram-positive bacteria and one Gram-negative bacteria responsible for infections of the upper respiratory tract, as well as cell culture experiments for two different strains of influenza virus. METHODS: The antimicrobial activity of the elderberry extract was determined by bacterial growth experiments in liquid cultures using the extract at concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. The inhibitory effects were determined by plating the bacteria on agar plates. In addition, the inhibitory potential of the extract on the propagation of human pathogenic H5N1-type influenza A virus isolated from a patient and an influenza B virus strain was investigated using MTT and focus assays. RESULTS: For the first time, it was shown that a standardized elderberry liquid extract possesses antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive bacteria of Streptococcus pyogenes and group C and G Streptococci, and the Gram-negative bacterium Branhamella catarrhalis in liquid cultures. The liquid extract also displays an inhibitory effect on the propagation of human pathogenic influenza viruses. CONCLUSION: Rubini elderberry liquid extract is active against human pathogenic bacteria as well as influenza viruses. The activities shown suggest that additional and alternative approaches to combat infections might be provided by this natural product. BioMed Central 2011-02-25 /pmc/articles/PMC3056848/ /pubmed/21352539 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-11-16 Text en Copyright ©2011 Krawitz et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Krawitz, Christian Mraheil, Mobarak Abu Stein, Michael Imirzalioglu, Can Domann, Eugen Pleschka, Stephan Hain, Torsten Inhibitory activity of a standardized elderberry liquid extract against clinically-relevant human respiratory bacterial pathogens and influenza A and B viruses |
title | Inhibitory activity of a standardized elderberry liquid extract against clinically-relevant human respiratory bacterial pathogens and influenza A and B viruses |
title_full | Inhibitory activity of a standardized elderberry liquid extract against clinically-relevant human respiratory bacterial pathogens and influenza A and B viruses |
title_fullStr | Inhibitory activity of a standardized elderberry liquid extract against clinically-relevant human respiratory bacterial pathogens and influenza A and B viruses |
title_full_unstemmed | Inhibitory activity of a standardized elderberry liquid extract against clinically-relevant human respiratory bacterial pathogens and influenza A and B viruses |
title_short | Inhibitory activity of a standardized elderberry liquid extract against clinically-relevant human respiratory bacterial pathogens and influenza A and B viruses |
title_sort | inhibitory activity of a standardized elderberry liquid extract against clinically-relevant human respiratory bacterial pathogens and influenza a and b viruses |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3056848/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21352539 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-11-16 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT krawitzchristian inhibitoryactivityofastandardizedelderberryliquidextractagainstclinicallyrelevanthumanrespiratorybacterialpathogensandinfluenzaaandbviruses AT mraheilmobarakabu inhibitoryactivityofastandardizedelderberryliquidextractagainstclinicallyrelevanthumanrespiratorybacterialpathogensandinfluenzaaandbviruses AT steinmichael inhibitoryactivityofastandardizedelderberryliquidextractagainstclinicallyrelevanthumanrespiratorybacterialpathogensandinfluenzaaandbviruses AT imirzalioglucan inhibitoryactivityofastandardizedelderberryliquidextractagainstclinicallyrelevanthumanrespiratorybacterialpathogensandinfluenzaaandbviruses AT domanneugen inhibitoryactivityofastandardizedelderberryliquidextractagainstclinicallyrelevanthumanrespiratorybacterialpathogensandinfluenzaaandbviruses AT pleschkastephan inhibitoryactivityofastandardizedelderberryliquidextractagainstclinicallyrelevanthumanrespiratorybacterialpathogensandinfluenzaaandbviruses AT haintorsten inhibitoryactivityofastandardizedelderberryliquidextractagainstclinicallyrelevanthumanrespiratorybacterialpathogensandinfluenzaaandbviruses |