Cargando…

Time domains of the hypoxic ventilatory response in ectothermic vertebrates

Over a decade has passed since Powell et al. (Respir Physiol 112:123–134, 1998) described and defined the time domains of the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) in adult mammals. These time domains, however, have yet to receive much attention in other vertebrate groups. The initial, acute HVR of fis...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Porteus, Cosima, Hedrick, Michael S., Hicks, James W., Wang, Tobias, Milsom, William K.
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer-Verlag 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3058336/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21312038
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00360-011-0554-6
_version_ 1782200359726350336
author Porteus, Cosima
Hedrick, Michael S.
Hicks, James W.
Wang, Tobias
Milsom, William K.
author_facet Porteus, Cosima
Hedrick, Michael S.
Hicks, James W.
Wang, Tobias
Milsom, William K.
author_sort Porteus, Cosima
collection PubMed
description Over a decade has passed since Powell et al. (Respir Physiol 112:123–134, 1998) described and defined the time domains of the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) in adult mammals. These time domains, however, have yet to receive much attention in other vertebrate groups. The initial, acute HVR of fish, amphibians and reptiles serves to minimize the imbalance between oxygen supply and demand. If the hypoxia is sustained, a suite of secondary adjustments occur giving rise to a more long-term balance (acclimatization) that allows the behaviors of normal life. These secondary responses can change over time as a function of the nature of the stimulus (the pattern and intensity of the hypoxic exposure). To add to the complexity of this process, hypoxia can also lead to metabolic suppression (the hypoxic metabolic response) and the magnitude of this is also time dependent. Unlike the original review of Powell et al. (Respir Physiol 112:123–134, 1998) that only considered the HVR in adult animals, we also consider relevant developmental time points where information is available. Finally, in amphibians and reptiles with incompletely divided hearts the magnitude of the ventilatory response will be modulated by hypoxia-induced changes in intra-cardiac shunting that also improve the match between O(2) supply and demand, and these too change in a time-dependent fashion. While the current literature on this topic is reviewed here, it is noted that this area has received little attention. We attempt to redefine time domains in a more ‘holistic’ fashion that better accommodates research on ectotherms. If we are to distinguish between the genetic, developmental and environmental influences underlying the various ventilatory responses to hypoxia, however, we must design future experiments with time domains in mind.
format Text
id pubmed-3058336
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2011
publisher Springer-Verlag
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-30583362011-04-05 Time domains of the hypoxic ventilatory response in ectothermic vertebrates Porteus, Cosima Hedrick, Michael S. Hicks, James W. Wang, Tobias Milsom, William K. J Comp Physiol B Review Over a decade has passed since Powell et al. (Respir Physiol 112:123–134, 1998) described and defined the time domains of the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) in adult mammals. These time domains, however, have yet to receive much attention in other vertebrate groups. The initial, acute HVR of fish, amphibians and reptiles serves to minimize the imbalance between oxygen supply and demand. If the hypoxia is sustained, a suite of secondary adjustments occur giving rise to a more long-term balance (acclimatization) that allows the behaviors of normal life. These secondary responses can change over time as a function of the nature of the stimulus (the pattern and intensity of the hypoxic exposure). To add to the complexity of this process, hypoxia can also lead to metabolic suppression (the hypoxic metabolic response) and the magnitude of this is also time dependent. Unlike the original review of Powell et al. (Respir Physiol 112:123–134, 1998) that only considered the HVR in adult animals, we also consider relevant developmental time points where information is available. Finally, in amphibians and reptiles with incompletely divided hearts the magnitude of the ventilatory response will be modulated by hypoxia-induced changes in intra-cardiac shunting that also improve the match between O(2) supply and demand, and these too change in a time-dependent fashion. While the current literature on this topic is reviewed here, it is noted that this area has received little attention. We attempt to redefine time domains in a more ‘holistic’ fashion that better accommodates research on ectotherms. If we are to distinguish between the genetic, developmental and environmental influences underlying the various ventilatory responses to hypoxia, however, we must design future experiments with time domains in mind. Springer-Verlag 2011-02-11 2011 /pmc/articles/PMC3058336/ /pubmed/21312038 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00360-011-0554-6 Text en © The Author(s) 2011 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
spellingShingle Review
Porteus, Cosima
Hedrick, Michael S.
Hicks, James W.
Wang, Tobias
Milsom, William K.
Time domains of the hypoxic ventilatory response in ectothermic vertebrates
title Time domains of the hypoxic ventilatory response in ectothermic vertebrates
title_full Time domains of the hypoxic ventilatory response in ectothermic vertebrates
title_fullStr Time domains of the hypoxic ventilatory response in ectothermic vertebrates
title_full_unstemmed Time domains of the hypoxic ventilatory response in ectothermic vertebrates
title_short Time domains of the hypoxic ventilatory response in ectothermic vertebrates
title_sort time domains of the hypoxic ventilatory response in ectothermic vertebrates
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3058336/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21312038
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00360-011-0554-6
work_keys_str_mv AT porteuscosima timedomainsofthehypoxicventilatoryresponseinectothermicvertebrates
AT hedrickmichaels timedomainsofthehypoxicventilatoryresponseinectothermicvertebrates
AT hicksjamesw timedomainsofthehypoxicventilatoryresponseinectothermicvertebrates
AT wangtobias timedomainsofthehypoxicventilatoryresponseinectothermicvertebrates
AT milsomwilliamk timedomainsofthehypoxicventilatoryresponseinectothermicvertebrates