Health education intervention on diabetes in Sikkim

INTRODUCTION: In the present study, we have sought to determine the existing Knowledge, attitude & practice and impact of a structured health education intervention regarding diabetes in adults in Sikkim. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was an experimental study of non-randomised trial done at the Central Referral Hospital of SMIMS, Sikkim, India on 189 adult individuals attending the ‘Diabetes Awareness Camp’. A pre-tested closed ended questionnaire was used to assess the impact of health education intervention. The data was analysed by a computer programme, the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Paired t-test was applied. RESULTS: A questionnaire specifically designed to find knowledge and attitude related to diabetes total of administered on 189 adults revealed that mean age of participants was 45.7 years (+14.8 yrs), majority were males (63.5%), 23.3% had positive family history, 55.6% were previously diagnosed. Knowledge of diabetes was suboptimal in pre-test. Significantly improved knowledge was after intervention regarding: (a) Risk factors, (b) Early symptoms, (c) Organs affected, (d) Warning signs of Hypoglycaemia, (e) Personal Precautions. Significantly improved positive attitude was among: (a) motivate all family members to get their blood sugar tested yearly after 40 yrs of age, (b) undergo regular check-up, continue medication and motivate family members. Majority of previously diagnosed diabetics (78.6%) were on regular medication. 82.8% were on insulin, 18.4% taking it themselves. 7.8% were carrying identification card with treatment regimen and 35.9% carrying sugar/chocolate. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlighted the need for better health information to the patient through large scale awareness interventions regarding diabetes.