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The Effect of Group Size on the Interplay between Dominance and Reproduction in Bombus terrestris
Social insects provide good model systems for testing trade-offs in decision-making because of their marked reproductive skew and the dilemma workers face when to reproduce. Attaining reproductive skew requires energy investment in aggression or fertility signaling, creating a trade-off between repr...
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Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Public Library of Science
2011
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3065479/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21464893 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0018238 |
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author | Amsalem, Etya Hefetz, Abraham |
author_facet | Amsalem, Etya Hefetz, Abraham |
author_sort | Amsalem, Etya |
collection | PubMed |
description | Social insects provide good model systems for testing trade-offs in decision-making because of their marked reproductive skew and the dilemma workers face when to reproduce. Attaining reproductive skew requires energy investment in aggression or fertility signaling, creating a trade-off between reproduction and dominance. This may be density-dependent because the cost of achieving dominance may be higher in larger groups. We investigated the effect of group-size in B. terrestris queenless workers on two major reproduction-dominance correlates: between-worker aggression, and pheromone production, aiming at mimicking decision-making during the transition of worker behavior from cooperation and sterility to aggressive reproductive competition in whole colonies. Despite the competition, reproductive division of labor in colonies can be maintained even during this phase through the production of a sterility signal by sterile workers that has an appeasement effect on dominant nestmates. Worker-worker aggression, ovary activation, and production of sterility-appeasement signals may therefore constitute components of a trade-off affecting worker reproduction decisions. By constructing queenless groups of different size and measuring how this affected the parameters above, we found that in all groups aggression was not evenly distributed with the α-worker performing most of the aggressive acts. Moreover, aggression by the α-worker increased proportionally with group-size. However, while in small groups the α-worker monopolized reproduction, in larger groups several workers shared reproduction, creating two worker groups: reproductives and helpers. It appears that despite the increase of aggression, this was evidently not sufficient for the α-worker to monopolize reproduction. If we compare the α-worker to the queen in full-sized colonies it can be hypothesized that worker reproduction in B. terrestris colonies starts due to a gradual increase in the worker population and the queen's inability to physically inhibit worker oviposition. This may shift the trade-off between cost and benefit of worker reproduction and trigger the competition phase. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-3065479 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2011 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-30654792011-04-04 The Effect of Group Size on the Interplay between Dominance and Reproduction in Bombus terrestris Amsalem, Etya Hefetz, Abraham PLoS One Research Article Social insects provide good model systems for testing trade-offs in decision-making because of their marked reproductive skew and the dilemma workers face when to reproduce. Attaining reproductive skew requires energy investment in aggression or fertility signaling, creating a trade-off between reproduction and dominance. This may be density-dependent because the cost of achieving dominance may be higher in larger groups. We investigated the effect of group-size in B. terrestris queenless workers on two major reproduction-dominance correlates: between-worker aggression, and pheromone production, aiming at mimicking decision-making during the transition of worker behavior from cooperation and sterility to aggressive reproductive competition in whole colonies. Despite the competition, reproductive division of labor in colonies can be maintained even during this phase through the production of a sterility signal by sterile workers that has an appeasement effect on dominant nestmates. Worker-worker aggression, ovary activation, and production of sterility-appeasement signals may therefore constitute components of a trade-off affecting worker reproduction decisions. By constructing queenless groups of different size and measuring how this affected the parameters above, we found that in all groups aggression was not evenly distributed with the α-worker performing most of the aggressive acts. Moreover, aggression by the α-worker increased proportionally with group-size. However, while in small groups the α-worker monopolized reproduction, in larger groups several workers shared reproduction, creating two worker groups: reproductives and helpers. It appears that despite the increase of aggression, this was evidently not sufficient for the α-worker to monopolize reproduction. If we compare the α-worker to the queen in full-sized colonies it can be hypothesized that worker reproduction in B. terrestris colonies starts due to a gradual increase in the worker population and the queen's inability to physically inhibit worker oviposition. This may shift the trade-off between cost and benefit of worker reproduction and trigger the competition phase. Public Library of Science 2011-03-28 /pmc/articles/PMC3065479/ /pubmed/21464893 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0018238 Text en Amsalem, Hefetz. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Amsalem, Etya Hefetz, Abraham The Effect of Group Size on the Interplay between Dominance and Reproduction in Bombus terrestris |
title | The Effect of Group Size on the Interplay between Dominance and Reproduction in Bombus terrestris
|
title_full | The Effect of Group Size on the Interplay between Dominance and Reproduction in Bombus terrestris
|
title_fullStr | The Effect of Group Size on the Interplay between Dominance and Reproduction in Bombus terrestris
|
title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of Group Size on the Interplay between Dominance and Reproduction in Bombus terrestris
|
title_short | The Effect of Group Size on the Interplay between Dominance and Reproduction in Bombus terrestris
|
title_sort | effect of group size on the interplay between dominance and reproduction in bombus terrestris |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3065479/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21464893 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0018238 |
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