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The Effect of Group Size on the Interplay between Dominance and Reproduction in Bombus terrestris

Social insects provide good model systems for testing trade-offs in decision-making because of their marked reproductive skew and the dilemma workers face when to reproduce. Attaining reproductive skew requires energy investment in aggression or fertility signaling, creating a trade-off between repr...

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Autores principales: Amsalem, Etya, Hefetz, Abraham
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3065479/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21464893
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0018238
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author Amsalem, Etya
Hefetz, Abraham
author_facet Amsalem, Etya
Hefetz, Abraham
author_sort Amsalem, Etya
collection PubMed
description Social insects provide good model systems for testing trade-offs in decision-making because of their marked reproductive skew and the dilemma workers face when to reproduce. Attaining reproductive skew requires energy investment in aggression or fertility signaling, creating a trade-off between reproduction and dominance. This may be density-dependent because the cost of achieving dominance may be higher in larger groups. We investigated the effect of group-size in B. terrestris queenless workers on two major reproduction-dominance correlates: between-worker aggression, and pheromone production, aiming at mimicking decision-making during the transition of worker behavior from cooperation and sterility to aggressive reproductive competition in whole colonies. Despite the competition, reproductive division of labor in colonies can be maintained even during this phase through the production of a sterility signal by sterile workers that has an appeasement effect on dominant nestmates. Worker-worker aggression, ovary activation, and production of sterility-appeasement signals may therefore constitute components of a trade-off affecting worker reproduction decisions. By constructing queenless groups of different size and measuring how this affected the parameters above, we found that in all groups aggression was not evenly distributed with the α-worker performing most of the aggressive acts. Moreover, aggression by the α-worker increased proportionally with group-size. However, while in small groups the α-worker monopolized reproduction, in larger groups several workers shared reproduction, creating two worker groups: reproductives and helpers. It appears that despite the increase of aggression, this was evidently not sufficient for the α-worker to monopolize reproduction. If we compare the α-worker to the queen in full-sized colonies it can be hypothesized that worker reproduction in B. terrestris colonies starts due to a gradual increase in the worker population and the queen's inability to physically inhibit worker oviposition. This may shift the trade-off between cost and benefit of worker reproduction and trigger the competition phase.
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spelling pubmed-30654792011-04-04 The Effect of Group Size on the Interplay between Dominance and Reproduction in Bombus terrestris Amsalem, Etya Hefetz, Abraham PLoS One Research Article Social insects provide good model systems for testing trade-offs in decision-making because of their marked reproductive skew and the dilemma workers face when to reproduce. Attaining reproductive skew requires energy investment in aggression or fertility signaling, creating a trade-off between reproduction and dominance. This may be density-dependent because the cost of achieving dominance may be higher in larger groups. We investigated the effect of group-size in B. terrestris queenless workers on two major reproduction-dominance correlates: between-worker aggression, and pheromone production, aiming at mimicking decision-making during the transition of worker behavior from cooperation and sterility to aggressive reproductive competition in whole colonies. Despite the competition, reproductive division of labor in colonies can be maintained even during this phase through the production of a sterility signal by sterile workers that has an appeasement effect on dominant nestmates. Worker-worker aggression, ovary activation, and production of sterility-appeasement signals may therefore constitute components of a trade-off affecting worker reproduction decisions. By constructing queenless groups of different size and measuring how this affected the parameters above, we found that in all groups aggression was not evenly distributed with the α-worker performing most of the aggressive acts. Moreover, aggression by the α-worker increased proportionally with group-size. However, while in small groups the α-worker monopolized reproduction, in larger groups several workers shared reproduction, creating two worker groups: reproductives and helpers. It appears that despite the increase of aggression, this was evidently not sufficient for the α-worker to monopolize reproduction. If we compare the α-worker to the queen in full-sized colonies it can be hypothesized that worker reproduction in B. terrestris colonies starts due to a gradual increase in the worker population and the queen's inability to physically inhibit worker oviposition. This may shift the trade-off between cost and benefit of worker reproduction and trigger the competition phase. Public Library of Science 2011-03-28 /pmc/articles/PMC3065479/ /pubmed/21464893 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0018238 Text en Amsalem, Hefetz. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Amsalem, Etya
Hefetz, Abraham
The Effect of Group Size on the Interplay between Dominance and Reproduction in Bombus terrestris
title The Effect of Group Size on the Interplay between Dominance and Reproduction in Bombus terrestris
title_full The Effect of Group Size on the Interplay between Dominance and Reproduction in Bombus terrestris
title_fullStr The Effect of Group Size on the Interplay between Dominance and Reproduction in Bombus terrestris
title_full_unstemmed The Effect of Group Size on the Interplay between Dominance and Reproduction in Bombus terrestris
title_short The Effect of Group Size on the Interplay between Dominance and Reproduction in Bombus terrestris
title_sort effect of group size on the interplay between dominance and reproduction in bombus terrestris
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3065479/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21464893
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0018238
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