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Outbreak of Type 2 Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus in Nigeria: Emergence and Widespread Circulation in an Underimmunized Population

Wild poliovirus has remained endemic in northern Nigeria because of low coverage achieved in the routine immunization program and in supplementary immunization activities (SIAs). An outbreak of infection involving 315 cases of type 2 circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV2; >1% divergent f...

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Autores principales: Wassilak, Steven, Pate, Muhammad Ali, Wannemuehler, Kathleen, Jenks, Julie, Burns, Cara, Chenoweth, Paul, Abanida, Emmanuel Ade, Adu, Festus, Baba, Marycelin, Gasasira, Alex, Iber, Jane, Mkanda, Pascal, Williams, A. J., Shaw, Jing, Pallansch, Mark, Kew, Olen
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3068031/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21402542
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiq140
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author Wassilak, Steven
Pate, Muhammad Ali
Wannemuehler, Kathleen
Jenks, Julie
Burns, Cara
Chenoweth, Paul
Abanida, Emmanuel Ade
Adu, Festus
Baba, Marycelin
Gasasira, Alex
Iber, Jane
Mkanda, Pascal
Williams, A. J.
Shaw, Jing
Pallansch, Mark
Kew, Olen
author_facet Wassilak, Steven
Pate, Muhammad Ali
Wannemuehler, Kathleen
Jenks, Julie
Burns, Cara
Chenoweth, Paul
Abanida, Emmanuel Ade
Adu, Festus
Baba, Marycelin
Gasasira, Alex
Iber, Jane
Mkanda, Pascal
Williams, A. J.
Shaw, Jing
Pallansch, Mark
Kew, Olen
author_sort Wassilak, Steven
collection PubMed
description Wild poliovirus has remained endemic in northern Nigeria because of low coverage achieved in the routine immunization program and in supplementary immunization activities (SIAs). An outbreak of infection involving 315 cases of type 2 circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV2; >1% divergent from Sabin 2) occurred during July 2005–June 2010, a period when 23 of 34 SIAs used monovalent or bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) lacking Sabin 2. In addition, 21 “pre-VDPV2” (0.5%–1.0% divergent) cases occurred during this period. Both cVDPV and pre-VDPV cases were clinically indistinguishable from cases due to wild poliovirus. The monthly incidence of cases increased sharply in early 2009, as more children aged without trivalent OPV SIAs. Cumulative state incidence of pre-VDPV2/cVDPV2 was correlated with low childhood immunization against poliovirus type 2 assessed by various means. Strengthened routine immunization programs in countries with suboptimal coverage and balanced use of OPV formulations in SIAs are necessary to minimize risks of VDPV emergence and circulation.
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spelling pubmed-30680312012-04-01 Outbreak of Type 2 Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus in Nigeria: Emergence and Widespread Circulation in an Underimmunized Population Wassilak, Steven Pate, Muhammad Ali Wannemuehler, Kathleen Jenks, Julie Burns, Cara Chenoweth, Paul Abanida, Emmanuel Ade Adu, Festus Baba, Marycelin Gasasira, Alex Iber, Jane Mkanda, Pascal Williams, A. J. Shaw, Jing Pallansch, Mark Kew, Olen J Infect Dis Major Articles and Brief Reports Wild poliovirus has remained endemic in northern Nigeria because of low coverage achieved in the routine immunization program and in supplementary immunization activities (SIAs). An outbreak of infection involving 315 cases of type 2 circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV2; >1% divergent from Sabin 2) occurred during July 2005–June 2010, a period when 23 of 34 SIAs used monovalent or bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) lacking Sabin 2. In addition, 21 “pre-VDPV2” (0.5%–1.0% divergent) cases occurred during this period. Both cVDPV and pre-VDPV cases were clinically indistinguishable from cases due to wild poliovirus. The monthly incidence of cases increased sharply in early 2009, as more children aged without trivalent OPV SIAs. Cumulative state incidence of pre-VDPV2/cVDPV2 was correlated with low childhood immunization against poliovirus type 2 assessed by various means. Strengthened routine immunization programs in countries with suboptimal coverage and balanced use of OPV formulations in SIAs are necessary to minimize risks of VDPV emergence and circulation. Oxford University Press 2011-04-01 /pmc/articles/PMC3068031/ /pubmed/21402542 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiq140 Text en Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2011. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/byc/2.5), which permits unrestricted nonommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Major Articles and Brief Reports
Wassilak, Steven
Pate, Muhammad Ali
Wannemuehler, Kathleen
Jenks, Julie
Burns, Cara
Chenoweth, Paul
Abanida, Emmanuel Ade
Adu, Festus
Baba, Marycelin
Gasasira, Alex
Iber, Jane
Mkanda, Pascal
Williams, A. J.
Shaw, Jing
Pallansch, Mark
Kew, Olen
Outbreak of Type 2 Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus in Nigeria: Emergence and Widespread Circulation in an Underimmunized Population
title Outbreak of Type 2 Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus in Nigeria: Emergence and Widespread Circulation in an Underimmunized Population
title_full Outbreak of Type 2 Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus in Nigeria: Emergence and Widespread Circulation in an Underimmunized Population
title_fullStr Outbreak of Type 2 Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus in Nigeria: Emergence and Widespread Circulation in an Underimmunized Population
title_full_unstemmed Outbreak of Type 2 Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus in Nigeria: Emergence and Widespread Circulation in an Underimmunized Population
title_short Outbreak of Type 2 Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus in Nigeria: Emergence and Widespread Circulation in an Underimmunized Population
title_sort outbreak of type 2 vaccine-derived poliovirus in nigeria: emergence and widespread circulation in an underimmunized population
topic Major Articles and Brief Reports
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3068031/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21402542
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiq140
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