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European Domestic Horses Originated in Two Holocene Refugia

The role of European wild horses in horse domestication is poorly understood. While the fossil record for wild horses in Europe prior to horse domestication is scarce, there have been suggestions that wild populations from various European regions might have contributed to the gene pool of domestic...

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Autores principales: Warmuth, Vera, Eriksson, Anders, Bower, Mim A., Cañon, Javier, Cothran, Gus, Distl, Ottmar, Glowatzki-Mullis, Marie-Louise, Hunt, Harriet, Luís, Cristina, do Mar Oom, Maria, Yupanqui, Isabel Tupac, Ząbek, Tomasz, Manica, Andrea
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3068172/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21479181
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0018194
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author Warmuth, Vera
Eriksson, Anders
Bower, Mim A.
Cañon, Javier
Cothran, Gus
Distl, Ottmar
Glowatzki-Mullis, Marie-Louise
Hunt, Harriet
Luís, Cristina
do Mar Oom, Maria
Yupanqui, Isabel Tupac
Ząbek, Tomasz
Manica, Andrea
author_facet Warmuth, Vera
Eriksson, Anders
Bower, Mim A.
Cañon, Javier
Cothran, Gus
Distl, Ottmar
Glowatzki-Mullis, Marie-Louise
Hunt, Harriet
Luís, Cristina
do Mar Oom, Maria
Yupanqui, Isabel Tupac
Ząbek, Tomasz
Manica, Andrea
author_sort Warmuth, Vera
collection PubMed
description The role of European wild horses in horse domestication is poorly understood. While the fossil record for wild horses in Europe prior to horse domestication is scarce, there have been suggestions that wild populations from various European regions might have contributed to the gene pool of domestic horses. To distinguish between regions where domestic populations are mainly descended from local wild stock and those where horses were largely imported, we investigated patterns of genetic diversity in 24 European horse breeds typed at 12 microsatellite loci. The distribution of high levels of genetic diversity in Europe coincides with the distribution of predominantly open landscapes prior to domestication, as suggested by simulation-based vegetation reconstructions, with breeds from Iberia and the Caspian Sea region having significantly higher genetic diversity than breeds from central Europe and the UK, which were largely forested at the time the first domestic horses appear there. Our results suggest that not only the Eastern steppes, but also the Iberian Peninsula provided refugia for wild horses in the Holocene, and that the genetic contribution of these wild populations to local domestic stock may have been considerable. In contrast, the consistently low levels of diversity in central Europe and the UK suggest that domestic horses in these regions largely derive from horses that were imported from the Eastern refugium, the Iberian refugium, or both.
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spelling pubmed-30681722011-04-08 European Domestic Horses Originated in Two Holocene Refugia Warmuth, Vera Eriksson, Anders Bower, Mim A. Cañon, Javier Cothran, Gus Distl, Ottmar Glowatzki-Mullis, Marie-Louise Hunt, Harriet Luís, Cristina do Mar Oom, Maria Yupanqui, Isabel Tupac Ząbek, Tomasz Manica, Andrea PLoS One Research Article The role of European wild horses in horse domestication is poorly understood. While the fossil record for wild horses in Europe prior to horse domestication is scarce, there have been suggestions that wild populations from various European regions might have contributed to the gene pool of domestic horses. To distinguish between regions where domestic populations are mainly descended from local wild stock and those where horses were largely imported, we investigated patterns of genetic diversity in 24 European horse breeds typed at 12 microsatellite loci. The distribution of high levels of genetic diversity in Europe coincides with the distribution of predominantly open landscapes prior to domestication, as suggested by simulation-based vegetation reconstructions, with breeds from Iberia and the Caspian Sea region having significantly higher genetic diversity than breeds from central Europe and the UK, which were largely forested at the time the first domestic horses appear there. Our results suggest that not only the Eastern steppes, but also the Iberian Peninsula provided refugia for wild horses in the Holocene, and that the genetic contribution of these wild populations to local domestic stock may have been considerable. In contrast, the consistently low levels of diversity in central Europe and the UK suggest that domestic horses in these regions largely derive from horses that were imported from the Eastern refugium, the Iberian refugium, or both. Public Library of Science 2011-03-30 /pmc/articles/PMC3068172/ /pubmed/21479181 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0018194 Text en Warmuth et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Warmuth, Vera
Eriksson, Anders
Bower, Mim A.
Cañon, Javier
Cothran, Gus
Distl, Ottmar
Glowatzki-Mullis, Marie-Louise
Hunt, Harriet
Luís, Cristina
do Mar Oom, Maria
Yupanqui, Isabel Tupac
Ząbek, Tomasz
Manica, Andrea
European Domestic Horses Originated in Two Holocene Refugia
title European Domestic Horses Originated in Two Holocene Refugia
title_full European Domestic Horses Originated in Two Holocene Refugia
title_fullStr European Domestic Horses Originated in Two Holocene Refugia
title_full_unstemmed European Domestic Horses Originated in Two Holocene Refugia
title_short European Domestic Horses Originated in Two Holocene Refugia
title_sort european domestic horses originated in two holocene refugia
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3068172/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21479181
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0018194
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