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Increase in Female Liver Cancer in The Gambia, West Africa: Evidence from 19 Years of Population-Based Cancer Registration (1988–2006)

BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignancy worldwide with a high burden in West Africa. Male to female ratios show consistent bias toward males, the biological bases and variations of which are not well understood. We have used data from the Gambian National Cancer Registry to...

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Autores principales: Sighoko, Dominique, Curado, Maria Paula, Bourgeois, Denis, Mendy, Maimuna, Hainaut, Pierre, Bah, Ebrima
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3072390/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21490972
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0018415
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author Sighoko, Dominique
Curado, Maria Paula
Bourgeois, Denis
Mendy, Maimuna
Hainaut, Pierre
Bah, Ebrima
author_facet Sighoko, Dominique
Curado, Maria Paula
Bourgeois, Denis
Mendy, Maimuna
Hainaut, Pierre
Bah, Ebrima
author_sort Sighoko, Dominique
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignancy worldwide with a high burden in West Africa. Male to female ratios show consistent bias toward males, the biological bases and variations of which are not well understood. We have used data from the Gambian National Cancer Registry to compare trends in incidence of HCC in both genders. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Two periods were compared, 1988–1997 (early) and 1998–2006 (recent). In addition, the regression program joinpoint was used to assess trends over 19 years. Differences with self-reported ethnicity were assessed for the recent period using population data from 2003 census. Male to female ratio showed a significant decrease between the two periods from 3.28∶1 (95% CI, [2.93–3.65]) to 2.2∶1 (95% CI, [1.99–2.43]). Although rates in males were relatively stable (38.36 and 32.84 for, respectively, early and recent periods), they increased from 11.71 to 14.9 in females with a significant Annual Percentage Change of 3.01 [0.3–5.8] over 19 years and an increase in number of cases of 80.28% (compared to 26% in males). Significant variations in HCC risk, but not in gender ratio were observed in relation with ethnicity. CONCLUSION: This analysis of the only national, population-based cancer registry in West Africa shows a significant increase in HCC in females over recent years. This increase may be the consequence of major changes in lifestyle or viral risk factors, in particular obesity and hepatitis C, which have both been documented to increase in West Africa during recent years.
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spelling pubmed-30723902011-04-13 Increase in Female Liver Cancer in The Gambia, West Africa: Evidence from 19 Years of Population-Based Cancer Registration (1988–2006) Sighoko, Dominique Curado, Maria Paula Bourgeois, Denis Mendy, Maimuna Hainaut, Pierre Bah, Ebrima PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignancy worldwide with a high burden in West Africa. Male to female ratios show consistent bias toward males, the biological bases and variations of which are not well understood. We have used data from the Gambian National Cancer Registry to compare trends in incidence of HCC in both genders. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Two periods were compared, 1988–1997 (early) and 1998–2006 (recent). In addition, the regression program joinpoint was used to assess trends over 19 years. Differences with self-reported ethnicity were assessed for the recent period using population data from 2003 census. Male to female ratio showed a significant decrease between the two periods from 3.28∶1 (95% CI, [2.93–3.65]) to 2.2∶1 (95% CI, [1.99–2.43]). Although rates in males were relatively stable (38.36 and 32.84 for, respectively, early and recent periods), they increased from 11.71 to 14.9 in females with a significant Annual Percentage Change of 3.01 [0.3–5.8] over 19 years and an increase in number of cases of 80.28% (compared to 26% in males). Significant variations in HCC risk, but not in gender ratio were observed in relation with ethnicity. CONCLUSION: This analysis of the only national, population-based cancer registry in West Africa shows a significant increase in HCC in females over recent years. This increase may be the consequence of major changes in lifestyle or viral risk factors, in particular obesity and hepatitis C, which have both been documented to increase in West Africa during recent years. Public Library of Science 2011-04-07 /pmc/articles/PMC3072390/ /pubmed/21490972 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0018415 Text en Sighoko et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Sighoko, Dominique
Curado, Maria Paula
Bourgeois, Denis
Mendy, Maimuna
Hainaut, Pierre
Bah, Ebrima
Increase in Female Liver Cancer in The Gambia, West Africa: Evidence from 19 Years of Population-Based Cancer Registration (1988–2006)
title Increase in Female Liver Cancer in The Gambia, West Africa: Evidence from 19 Years of Population-Based Cancer Registration (1988–2006)
title_full Increase in Female Liver Cancer in The Gambia, West Africa: Evidence from 19 Years of Population-Based Cancer Registration (1988–2006)
title_fullStr Increase in Female Liver Cancer in The Gambia, West Africa: Evidence from 19 Years of Population-Based Cancer Registration (1988–2006)
title_full_unstemmed Increase in Female Liver Cancer in The Gambia, West Africa: Evidence from 19 Years of Population-Based Cancer Registration (1988–2006)
title_short Increase in Female Liver Cancer in The Gambia, West Africa: Evidence from 19 Years of Population-Based Cancer Registration (1988–2006)
title_sort increase in female liver cancer in the gambia, west africa: evidence from 19 years of population-based cancer registration (1988–2006)
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3072390/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21490972
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0018415
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