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Somatotopic Organization of the Primate Basal Ganglia
Somatotopic organization is a fundamental and key concept to understand how the cortico-basal ganglia loop works. It is also indispensable knowledge to perform stereotaxic surgery for movement disorders. Here I would like to describe the somatotopic organization of the basal ganglia, which consist o...
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Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Research Foundation
2011
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3082737/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21541304 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnana.2011.00026 |
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author | Nambu, Atsushi |
author_facet | Nambu, Atsushi |
author_sort | Nambu, Atsushi |
collection | PubMed |
description | Somatotopic organization is a fundamental and key concept to understand how the cortico-basal ganglia loop works. It is also indispensable knowledge to perform stereotaxic surgery for movement disorders. Here I would like to describe the somatotopic organization of the basal ganglia, which consist of the striatum, subthalamic nucleus, globus pallidus, and substantia nigra. Projections from motor cortical regions representing different body parts terminate in different regions of these nuclei. Basal ganglia neurons respond not only to the stimulation of the corresponding regions of the motor cortices, but also to active and passive movements of the corresponding body parts. On the basis of these anatomical and physiological findings, somatotopic organization can be identified in the motor territories of these nuclei in the basal ganglia. In addition, projections from functionally interrelated cortical areas partially converge through the cortico-basal ganglia loop, but nevertheless the somatotopy is still preserved. Disorganized somatotopy may explain, at least in part, the pathophysiology of movement disorders, such as Parkinson's disease and dystonia. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-3082737 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2011 |
publisher | Frontiers Research Foundation |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-30827372011-05-03 Somatotopic Organization of the Primate Basal Ganglia Nambu, Atsushi Front Neuroanat Neuroscience Somatotopic organization is a fundamental and key concept to understand how the cortico-basal ganglia loop works. It is also indispensable knowledge to perform stereotaxic surgery for movement disorders. Here I would like to describe the somatotopic organization of the basal ganglia, which consist of the striatum, subthalamic nucleus, globus pallidus, and substantia nigra. Projections from motor cortical regions representing different body parts terminate in different regions of these nuclei. Basal ganglia neurons respond not only to the stimulation of the corresponding regions of the motor cortices, but also to active and passive movements of the corresponding body parts. On the basis of these anatomical and physiological findings, somatotopic organization can be identified in the motor territories of these nuclei in the basal ganglia. In addition, projections from functionally interrelated cortical areas partially converge through the cortico-basal ganglia loop, but nevertheless the somatotopy is still preserved. Disorganized somatotopy may explain, at least in part, the pathophysiology of movement disorders, such as Parkinson's disease and dystonia. Frontiers Research Foundation 2011-04-20 /pmc/articles/PMC3082737/ /pubmed/21541304 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnana.2011.00026 Text en Copyright © 2011 Nambu. http://www.frontiersin.org/licenseagreement This is an open-access article subject to a non-exclusive license between the authors and Frontiers Media SA, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in other forums, provided the original authors and source are credited and other Frontiers conditions are complied with. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Nambu, Atsushi Somatotopic Organization of the Primate Basal Ganglia |
title | Somatotopic Organization of the Primate Basal Ganglia |
title_full | Somatotopic Organization of the Primate Basal Ganglia |
title_fullStr | Somatotopic Organization of the Primate Basal Ganglia |
title_full_unstemmed | Somatotopic Organization of the Primate Basal Ganglia |
title_short | Somatotopic Organization of the Primate Basal Ganglia |
title_sort | somatotopic organization of the primate basal ganglia |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3082737/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21541304 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnana.2011.00026 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT nambuatsushi somatotopicorganizationoftheprimatebasalganglia |