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Predicting the risk for corneal graft rejection by aqueous humor analysis

PURPOSE: Cytokine patterns determined in the aqueous humor before penetrating keratoplasty (PK) may enable us to predict immune reactions (IR). We therefore analyzed 6 cytokines in the aqueous humor of patients before PK. By prospective clinical follow-up, we tested whether patients who developed an...

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Autores principales: Maier, Philip, Heizmann, Ulrike, Böhringer, Daniel, Kern, Yvonne, Reinhard, Thomas
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Molecular Vision 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3084217/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21541263
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author Maier, Philip
Heizmann, Ulrike
Böhringer, Daniel
Kern, Yvonne
Reinhard, Thomas
author_facet Maier, Philip
Heizmann, Ulrike
Böhringer, Daniel
Kern, Yvonne
Reinhard, Thomas
author_sort Maier, Philip
collection PubMed
description PURPOSE: Cytokine patterns determined in the aqueous humor before penetrating keratoplasty (PK) may enable us to predict immune reactions (IR). We therefore analyzed 6 cytokines in the aqueous humor of patients before PK. By prospective clinical follow-up, we tested whether patients who developed an IR would present different preoperative cytokine patterns compared to patients without IR. METHODS: We analyzed 18 samples of aqueous humor from 18 patients undergoing PK. The following cytokines were analyzed by cytometric bead array: interleukin 2 (IL-2), interleukin 4 (IL-4), interleukin 5 (IL-5), interleukin 10 (IL-10), tumor-necrosis-factor α (TNF-α), and interferon γ (INF-γ). Seven patients presented with signs of IR during follow up. We performed Cox proportional hazards analysis to determine significant predictors for IR. We iteratively eliminated all co-variates with p values over 0.1 from the survival model (backward selection). RESULTS: Our final Cox model included the hazardous factors IL-4 (p=0.043) and INF-γ (p=0.059), protective factors IL-2 (p=0.081), IL-5 (p=0.028), and age at time of surgery (p=0.029). We performed a linear discriminant analysis based on these coefficients. The resulting function was: (−9.979*IL5) + (9.262*IL4) + (−3.928*IL2) + (1.709*IFN-γ) + (−0.183*age). A median of −4.97 separated patients with and without IR with no classification error. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate that cytokine levels in the aqueous humor can be predictive for IR. Our method allowed an almost 100% separation between patients with and without IR. This finding has the potential to improve the aftercare of PK fundamentally. However, our results need to be confirmed in a larger prospective cohort.
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spelling pubmed-30842172011-05-03 Predicting the risk for corneal graft rejection by aqueous humor analysis Maier, Philip Heizmann, Ulrike Böhringer, Daniel Kern, Yvonne Reinhard, Thomas Mol Vis Research Article PURPOSE: Cytokine patterns determined in the aqueous humor before penetrating keratoplasty (PK) may enable us to predict immune reactions (IR). We therefore analyzed 6 cytokines in the aqueous humor of patients before PK. By prospective clinical follow-up, we tested whether patients who developed an IR would present different preoperative cytokine patterns compared to patients without IR. METHODS: We analyzed 18 samples of aqueous humor from 18 patients undergoing PK. The following cytokines were analyzed by cytometric bead array: interleukin 2 (IL-2), interleukin 4 (IL-4), interleukin 5 (IL-5), interleukin 10 (IL-10), tumor-necrosis-factor α (TNF-α), and interferon γ (INF-γ). Seven patients presented with signs of IR during follow up. We performed Cox proportional hazards analysis to determine significant predictors for IR. We iteratively eliminated all co-variates with p values over 0.1 from the survival model (backward selection). RESULTS: Our final Cox model included the hazardous factors IL-4 (p=0.043) and INF-γ (p=0.059), protective factors IL-2 (p=0.081), IL-5 (p=0.028), and age at time of surgery (p=0.029). We performed a linear discriminant analysis based on these coefficients. The resulting function was: (−9.979*IL5) + (9.262*IL4) + (−3.928*IL2) + (1.709*IFN-γ) + (−0.183*age). A median of −4.97 separated patients with and without IR with no classification error. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate that cytokine levels in the aqueous humor can be predictive for IR. Our method allowed an almost 100% separation between patients with and without IR. This finding has the potential to improve the aftercare of PK fundamentally. However, our results need to be confirmed in a larger prospective cohort. Molecular Vision 2011-04-25 /pmc/articles/PMC3084217/ /pubmed/21541263 Text en Copyright © 2011 Molecular Vision. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Maier, Philip
Heizmann, Ulrike
Böhringer, Daniel
Kern, Yvonne
Reinhard, Thomas
Predicting the risk for corneal graft rejection by aqueous humor analysis
title Predicting the risk for corneal graft rejection by aqueous humor analysis
title_full Predicting the risk for corneal graft rejection by aqueous humor analysis
title_fullStr Predicting the risk for corneal graft rejection by aqueous humor analysis
title_full_unstemmed Predicting the risk for corneal graft rejection by aqueous humor analysis
title_short Predicting the risk for corneal graft rejection by aqueous humor analysis
title_sort predicting the risk for corneal graft rejection by aqueous humor analysis
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3084217/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21541263
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