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Emerging concepts in acute mountain sickness and high-altitude cerebral edema: from the molecular to the morphological

Acute mountain sickness (AMS) is a neurological disorder that typically affects mountaineers who ascend to high altitude. The symptoms have traditionally been ascribed to intracranial hypertension caused by extracellular vasogenic edematous brain swelling subsequent to mechanical disruption of the b...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Bailey, Damian Miles, Bärtsch, Peter, Knauth, Michael, Baumgartner, Ralf W.
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SP Birkhäuser Verlag Basel 2009
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3085779/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19763397
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00018-009-0145-9
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author Bailey, Damian Miles
Bärtsch, Peter
Knauth, Michael
Baumgartner, Ralf W.
author_facet Bailey, Damian Miles
Bärtsch, Peter
Knauth, Michael
Baumgartner, Ralf W.
author_sort Bailey, Damian Miles
collection PubMed
description Acute mountain sickness (AMS) is a neurological disorder that typically affects mountaineers who ascend to high altitude. The symptoms have traditionally been ascribed to intracranial hypertension caused by extracellular vasogenic edematous brain swelling subsequent to mechanical disruption of the blood–brain barrier in hypoxia. However, recent diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging studies have identified mild astrocytic swelling caused by a net redistribution of fluid from the “hypoxia-primed” extracellular space to the intracellular space without any evidence for further barrier disruption or additional increment in brain edema, swelling or pressure. These findings and the observation of minor vasogenic edema present in individuals with and without AMS suggest that the symptoms are not explained by cerebral edema. This has led to a re-evaluation of the relevant pathogenic events with a specific focus on free radicals and their interaction with the trigeminovascular system. (Part of a multi-author review.)
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spelling pubmed-30857792011-06-06 Emerging concepts in acute mountain sickness and high-altitude cerebral edema: from the molecular to the morphological Bailey, Damian Miles Bärtsch, Peter Knauth, Michael Baumgartner, Ralf W. Cell Mol Life Sci Multi-author Review Acute mountain sickness (AMS) is a neurological disorder that typically affects mountaineers who ascend to high altitude. The symptoms have traditionally been ascribed to intracranial hypertension caused by extracellular vasogenic edematous brain swelling subsequent to mechanical disruption of the blood–brain barrier in hypoxia. However, recent diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging studies have identified mild astrocytic swelling caused by a net redistribution of fluid from the “hypoxia-primed” extracellular space to the intracellular space without any evidence for further barrier disruption or additional increment in brain edema, swelling or pressure. These findings and the observation of minor vasogenic edema present in individuals with and without AMS suggest that the symptoms are not explained by cerebral edema. This has led to a re-evaluation of the relevant pathogenic events with a specific focus on free radicals and their interaction with the trigeminovascular system. (Part of a multi-author review.) SP Birkhäuser Verlag Basel 2009-09-10 2009-11 /pmc/articles/PMC3085779/ /pubmed/19763397 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00018-009-0145-9 Text en © Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel/Switzerland 2009
spellingShingle Multi-author Review
Bailey, Damian Miles
Bärtsch, Peter
Knauth, Michael
Baumgartner, Ralf W.
Emerging concepts in acute mountain sickness and high-altitude cerebral edema: from the molecular to the morphological
title Emerging concepts in acute mountain sickness and high-altitude cerebral edema: from the molecular to the morphological
title_full Emerging concepts in acute mountain sickness and high-altitude cerebral edema: from the molecular to the morphological
title_fullStr Emerging concepts in acute mountain sickness and high-altitude cerebral edema: from the molecular to the morphological
title_full_unstemmed Emerging concepts in acute mountain sickness and high-altitude cerebral edema: from the molecular to the morphological
title_short Emerging concepts in acute mountain sickness and high-altitude cerebral edema: from the molecular to the morphological
title_sort emerging concepts in acute mountain sickness and high-altitude cerebral edema: from the molecular to the morphological
topic Multi-author Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3085779/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19763397
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00018-009-0145-9
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