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Effectiveness of Action in India to Reduce Exposure of Gyps Vultures to the Toxic Veterinary Drug Diclofenac
Contamination of their carrion food supply with the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac has caused rapid population declines across the Indian subcontinent of three species of Gyps vultures endemic to South Asia. The governments of India, Pakistan and Nepal took action in 2006 to prevent...
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Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Public Library of Science
2011
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3092754/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21589920 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0019069 |
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author | Cuthbert, Richard Taggart, Mark A. Prakash, Vibhu Saini, Mohini Swarup, Devendra Upreti, Suchitra Mateo, Rafael Chakraborty, Soumya Sunder Deori, Parag Green, Rhys E. |
author_facet | Cuthbert, Richard Taggart, Mark A. Prakash, Vibhu Saini, Mohini Swarup, Devendra Upreti, Suchitra Mateo, Rafael Chakraborty, Soumya Sunder Deori, Parag Green, Rhys E. |
author_sort | Cuthbert, Richard |
collection | PubMed |
description | Contamination of their carrion food supply with the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac has caused rapid population declines across the Indian subcontinent of three species of Gyps vultures endemic to South Asia. The governments of India, Pakistan and Nepal took action in 2006 to prevent the veterinary use of diclofenac on domesticated livestock, the route by which contamination occurs. We analyse data from three surveys of the prevalence and concentration of diclofenac residues in carcasses of domesticated ungulates in India, carried out before and after the implementation of a ban on veterinary use. There was little change in the prevalence and concentration of diclofenac between a survey before the ban and one conducted soon after its implementation, with the percentage of carcasses containing diclofenac in these surveys estimated at 10.8 and 10.7%, respectively. However, both the prevalence and concentration of diclofenac had fallen markedly 7–31 months after the implementation of the ban, with the true prevalence in this third survey estimated at 6.5%. Modelling of the impact of this reduction in diclofenac on the expected rate of decline of the oriental white-backed vulture (Gyps bengalensis) in India indicates that the decline rate has decreased to 40% of the rate before the ban, but is still likely to be rapid (about 18% year(−1)). Hence, further efforts to remove diclofenac from vulture food are still needed if the future recovery or successful reintroduction of vultures is to be feasible. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-3092754 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2011 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-30927542011-05-17 Effectiveness of Action in India to Reduce Exposure of Gyps Vultures to the Toxic Veterinary Drug Diclofenac Cuthbert, Richard Taggart, Mark A. Prakash, Vibhu Saini, Mohini Swarup, Devendra Upreti, Suchitra Mateo, Rafael Chakraborty, Soumya Sunder Deori, Parag Green, Rhys E. PLoS One Research Article Contamination of their carrion food supply with the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac has caused rapid population declines across the Indian subcontinent of three species of Gyps vultures endemic to South Asia. The governments of India, Pakistan and Nepal took action in 2006 to prevent the veterinary use of diclofenac on domesticated livestock, the route by which contamination occurs. We analyse data from three surveys of the prevalence and concentration of diclofenac residues in carcasses of domesticated ungulates in India, carried out before and after the implementation of a ban on veterinary use. There was little change in the prevalence and concentration of diclofenac between a survey before the ban and one conducted soon after its implementation, with the percentage of carcasses containing diclofenac in these surveys estimated at 10.8 and 10.7%, respectively. However, both the prevalence and concentration of diclofenac had fallen markedly 7–31 months after the implementation of the ban, with the true prevalence in this third survey estimated at 6.5%. Modelling of the impact of this reduction in diclofenac on the expected rate of decline of the oriental white-backed vulture (Gyps bengalensis) in India indicates that the decline rate has decreased to 40% of the rate before the ban, but is still likely to be rapid (about 18% year(−1)). Hence, further efforts to remove diclofenac from vulture food are still needed if the future recovery or successful reintroduction of vultures is to be feasible. Public Library of Science 2011-05-11 /pmc/articles/PMC3092754/ /pubmed/21589920 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0019069 Text en Cuthbert et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Cuthbert, Richard Taggart, Mark A. Prakash, Vibhu Saini, Mohini Swarup, Devendra Upreti, Suchitra Mateo, Rafael Chakraborty, Soumya Sunder Deori, Parag Green, Rhys E. Effectiveness of Action in India to Reduce Exposure of Gyps Vultures to the Toxic Veterinary Drug Diclofenac |
title | Effectiveness of Action in India to Reduce Exposure of Gyps Vultures to the Toxic Veterinary Drug Diclofenac |
title_full | Effectiveness of Action in India to Reduce Exposure of Gyps Vultures to the Toxic Veterinary Drug Diclofenac |
title_fullStr | Effectiveness of Action in India to Reduce Exposure of Gyps Vultures to the Toxic Veterinary Drug Diclofenac |
title_full_unstemmed | Effectiveness of Action in India to Reduce Exposure of Gyps Vultures to the Toxic Veterinary Drug Diclofenac |
title_short | Effectiveness of Action in India to Reduce Exposure of Gyps Vultures to the Toxic Veterinary Drug Diclofenac |
title_sort | effectiveness of action in india to reduce exposure of gyps vultures to the toxic veterinary drug diclofenac |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3092754/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21589920 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0019069 |
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