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Hindered dissolution of fibrin formed under mechanical stress

BACKGROUND: Recent data indicate that stretching forces cause a dramatic decrease in clot volume accompanied by gross conformational changes of fibrin structure. OBJECTIVE: The present study attempts to characterize the lytic susceptibility of fibrin exposed to mechanical stress as a model for fibri...

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Autores principales: Varjú, I, Sótonyi, P, Machovich, R, Szabó, L, Tenekedjiev, K, Silva, M M C G, Longstaff, C, Kolev, K
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3093023/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21251205
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-7836.2011.04203.x
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author Varjú, I
Sótonyi, P
Machovich, R
Szabó, L
Tenekedjiev, K
Silva, M M C G
Longstaff, C
Kolev, K
author_facet Varjú, I
Sótonyi, P
Machovich, R
Szabó, L
Tenekedjiev, K
Silva, M M C G
Longstaff, C
Kolev, K
author_sort Varjú, I
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Recent data indicate that stretching forces cause a dramatic decrease in clot volume accompanied by gross conformational changes of fibrin structure. OBJECTIVE: The present study attempts to characterize the lytic susceptibility of fibrin exposed to mechanical stress as a model for fibrin structures observed in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS: The relevance of stretched fibrin models was substantiated by scanning electron microscopic (SEM) evaluation of human thrombi removed during surgery, where surface fibrin fibers were observed to be oriented in the direction of shear forces, whereas interior fibers formed a random spatial meshwork. These structural variations were modeled in vitro with fibrin exposed to adjustable mechanical stress. After two- and three-fold longitudinal stretching (2 × S, 3 × S) the median fiber diameter and pore area in SEM images of fibrin decreased two- to three-fold. Application of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) to the surface of model clots, which contained plasminogen, resulted in plasmin generation which was measured in the fluid phase. After 30-min activation 12.6 ± 0.46 pmol mm(−2) plasmin was released from the non-stretched clot (NS), 5.5 ± 1.11 pmol mm(−2) from 2 × S and 2.3 ± 0.36 pmol mm(−2) from 3 × S clot and this hampered plasmin generation was accompanied by decreased release of fibrin degradation products from stretched fibrins. Confocal microscopic images showed that a green fluorescent protein-fusion variant of tPA accumulated in the superficial layer of NS, but not in stretched fibrin. CONCLUSION: Mechanical stress confers proteolytic resistance to fibrin, which is a result of impaired plasminogen activation coupled to lower plasmin sensitivity of the denser fibrin network.
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spelling pubmed-30930232011-05-12 Hindered dissolution of fibrin formed under mechanical stress Varjú, I Sótonyi, P Machovich, R Szabó, L Tenekedjiev, K Silva, M M C G Longstaff, C Kolev, K J Thromb Haemost Fibrinolysis BACKGROUND: Recent data indicate that stretching forces cause a dramatic decrease in clot volume accompanied by gross conformational changes of fibrin structure. OBJECTIVE: The present study attempts to characterize the lytic susceptibility of fibrin exposed to mechanical stress as a model for fibrin structures observed in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS: The relevance of stretched fibrin models was substantiated by scanning electron microscopic (SEM) evaluation of human thrombi removed during surgery, where surface fibrin fibers were observed to be oriented in the direction of shear forces, whereas interior fibers formed a random spatial meshwork. These structural variations were modeled in vitro with fibrin exposed to adjustable mechanical stress. After two- and three-fold longitudinal stretching (2 × S, 3 × S) the median fiber diameter and pore area in SEM images of fibrin decreased two- to three-fold. Application of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) to the surface of model clots, which contained plasminogen, resulted in plasmin generation which was measured in the fluid phase. After 30-min activation 12.6 ± 0.46 pmol mm(−2) plasmin was released from the non-stretched clot (NS), 5.5 ± 1.11 pmol mm(−2) from 2 × S and 2.3 ± 0.36 pmol mm(−2) from 3 × S clot and this hampered plasmin generation was accompanied by decreased release of fibrin degradation products from stretched fibrins. Confocal microscopic images showed that a green fluorescent protein-fusion variant of tPA accumulated in the superficial layer of NS, but not in stretched fibrin. CONCLUSION: Mechanical stress confers proteolytic resistance to fibrin, which is a result of impaired plasminogen activation coupled to lower plasmin sensitivity of the denser fibrin network. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011-05 /pmc/articles/PMC3093023/ /pubmed/21251205 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-7836.2011.04203.x Text en Copyright © 2011 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ Re-use of this article is permitted in accordance with the Creative Commons Deed, Attribution 2.5, which does not permit commercial exploitation.
spellingShingle Fibrinolysis
Varjú, I
Sótonyi, P
Machovich, R
Szabó, L
Tenekedjiev, K
Silva, M M C G
Longstaff, C
Kolev, K
Hindered dissolution of fibrin formed under mechanical stress
title Hindered dissolution of fibrin formed under mechanical stress
title_full Hindered dissolution of fibrin formed under mechanical stress
title_fullStr Hindered dissolution of fibrin formed under mechanical stress
title_full_unstemmed Hindered dissolution of fibrin formed under mechanical stress
title_short Hindered dissolution of fibrin formed under mechanical stress
title_sort hindered dissolution of fibrin formed under mechanical stress
topic Fibrinolysis
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3093023/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21251205
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-7836.2011.04203.x
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