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Mechanisms That Regulate Peripheral Immune Responses to Control Organ-Specific Autoimmunity

The immune system must balance the need to maintain a diverse repertoire of lymphocytes to be able to fight infection with the need to maintain tolerance to self-proteins. The immune system places strict regulation over the ability of T cells to produce the major T cell growth factor interleukin 2 a...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Hoyne, Gerard F.
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3095406/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21603204
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/294968
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author Hoyne, Gerard F.
author_facet Hoyne, Gerard F.
author_sort Hoyne, Gerard F.
collection PubMed
description The immune system must balance the need to maintain a diverse repertoire of lymphocytes to be able to fight infection with the need to maintain tolerance to self-proteins. The immune system places strict regulation over the ability of T cells to produce the major T cell growth factor interleukin 2 as this cytokine can influence a variety of immune outcomes. T cells require the delivery of two signals, one through the antigen receptor and a second through the costimulatory receptor CD28. The immune system uses a variety of E3 ubiquitin ligases to target signaling proteins that function downstream of the TCR and CD28 receptors. Mutations in these E3 ligases can lead to a breakdown in immune tolerance and development of autoimmunity. This paper will examine the role of a range of E3 ubiquitin ligases and signaling pathways that influence the development of T-cell effector responses and the development of organ-specific autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes.
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spelling pubmed-30954062011-05-20 Mechanisms That Regulate Peripheral Immune Responses to Control Organ-Specific Autoimmunity Hoyne, Gerard F. Clin Dev Immunol Review Article The immune system must balance the need to maintain a diverse repertoire of lymphocytes to be able to fight infection with the need to maintain tolerance to self-proteins. The immune system places strict regulation over the ability of T cells to produce the major T cell growth factor interleukin 2 as this cytokine can influence a variety of immune outcomes. T cells require the delivery of two signals, one through the antigen receptor and a second through the costimulatory receptor CD28. The immune system uses a variety of E3 ubiquitin ligases to target signaling proteins that function downstream of the TCR and CD28 receptors. Mutations in these E3 ligases can lead to a breakdown in immune tolerance and development of autoimmunity. This paper will examine the role of a range of E3 ubiquitin ligases and signaling pathways that influence the development of T-cell effector responses and the development of organ-specific autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2011 2011-04-28 /pmc/articles/PMC3095406/ /pubmed/21603204 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/294968 Text en Copyright © 2011 Gerard F. Hoyne. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Hoyne, Gerard F.
Mechanisms That Regulate Peripheral Immune Responses to Control Organ-Specific Autoimmunity
title Mechanisms That Regulate Peripheral Immune Responses to Control Organ-Specific Autoimmunity
title_full Mechanisms That Regulate Peripheral Immune Responses to Control Organ-Specific Autoimmunity
title_fullStr Mechanisms That Regulate Peripheral Immune Responses to Control Organ-Specific Autoimmunity
title_full_unstemmed Mechanisms That Regulate Peripheral Immune Responses to Control Organ-Specific Autoimmunity
title_short Mechanisms That Regulate Peripheral Immune Responses to Control Organ-Specific Autoimmunity
title_sort mechanisms that regulate peripheral immune responses to control organ-specific autoimmunity
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3095406/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21603204
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/294968
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