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Imaging the Impact of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on the Structure of the Developing Human Brain

Prenatal alcohol exposure has numerous effects on the developing brain, including damage to selective brain structure. We review structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of brain abnormalities in subjects prenatally exposed to alcohol. The most common findings include reduced brain volume...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Lebel, Catherine, Roussotte, Florence, Sowell, Elizabeth R.
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer US 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3098972/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21369875
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11065-011-9163-0
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author Lebel, Catherine
Roussotte, Florence
Sowell, Elizabeth R.
author_facet Lebel, Catherine
Roussotte, Florence
Sowell, Elizabeth R.
author_sort Lebel, Catherine
collection PubMed
description Prenatal alcohol exposure has numerous effects on the developing brain, including damage to selective brain structure. We review structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of brain abnormalities in subjects prenatally exposed to alcohol. The most common findings include reduced brain volume and malformations of the corpus callosum. Advanced methods have been able to detect shape, thickness and displacement changes throughout multiple brain regions. The teratogenic effects of alcohol appear to be widespread, affecting almost the entire brain. The only region that appears to be relatively spared is the occipital lobe. More recent studies have linked cognition to the underlying brain structure in alcohol-exposed subjects, and several report patterns in the severity of brain damage as it relates to facial dysmorphology or to extent of alcohol exposure. Future studies exploring relationships between brain structure, cognitive measures, dysmorphology, age, and other variables will be valuable for further comprehending the vast effects of prenatal alcohol exposure and for evaluating possible interventions.
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spelling pubmed-30989722011-07-14 Imaging the Impact of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on the Structure of the Developing Human Brain Lebel, Catherine Roussotte, Florence Sowell, Elizabeth R. Neuropsychol Rev Review Prenatal alcohol exposure has numerous effects on the developing brain, including damage to selective brain structure. We review structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of brain abnormalities in subjects prenatally exposed to alcohol. The most common findings include reduced brain volume and malformations of the corpus callosum. Advanced methods have been able to detect shape, thickness and displacement changes throughout multiple brain regions. The teratogenic effects of alcohol appear to be widespread, affecting almost the entire brain. The only region that appears to be relatively spared is the occipital lobe. More recent studies have linked cognition to the underlying brain structure in alcohol-exposed subjects, and several report patterns in the severity of brain damage as it relates to facial dysmorphology or to extent of alcohol exposure. Future studies exploring relationships between brain structure, cognitive measures, dysmorphology, age, and other variables will be valuable for further comprehending the vast effects of prenatal alcohol exposure and for evaluating possible interventions. Springer US 2011-03-03 2011 /pmc/articles/PMC3098972/ /pubmed/21369875 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11065-011-9163-0 Text en © The Author(s) 2011 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
spellingShingle Review
Lebel, Catherine
Roussotte, Florence
Sowell, Elizabeth R.
Imaging the Impact of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on the Structure of the Developing Human Brain
title Imaging the Impact of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on the Structure of the Developing Human Brain
title_full Imaging the Impact of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on the Structure of the Developing Human Brain
title_fullStr Imaging the Impact of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on the Structure of the Developing Human Brain
title_full_unstemmed Imaging the Impact of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on the Structure of the Developing Human Brain
title_short Imaging the Impact of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on the Structure of the Developing Human Brain
title_sort imaging the impact of prenatal alcohol exposure on the structure of the developing human brain
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3098972/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21369875
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11065-011-9163-0
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