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Field Testing of Different Chemical Combinations as Odour Baits for Trapping Wild Mosquitoes in The Gambia

Odour baited traps have potential use in population surveillance of insect vectors of disease, and in some cases for vector population reduction. Established attractants for human host-seeking mosquitoes include a combination of CO(2) with L-lactic acid and ammonia, on top of which additional candid...

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Autores principales: Jawara, Musa, Awolola, Taiwo S., Pinder, Margaret, Jeffries, David, Smallegange, Renate C., Takken, Willem, Conway, David J.
Formato: Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3102657/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21637337
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0019676
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author Jawara, Musa
Awolola, Taiwo S.
Pinder, Margaret
Jeffries, David
Smallegange, Renate C.
Takken, Willem
Conway, David J.
author_facet Jawara, Musa
Awolola, Taiwo S.
Pinder, Margaret
Jeffries, David
Smallegange, Renate C.
Takken, Willem
Conway, David J.
author_sort Jawara, Musa
collection PubMed
description Odour baited traps have potential use in population surveillance of insect vectors of disease, and in some cases for vector population reduction. Established attractants for human host-seeking mosquitoes include a combination of CO(2) with L-lactic acid and ammonia, on top of which additional candidate compounds are being tested. In this field study in rural Gambia, using Latin square experiments with thorough randomization and replication, we tested nine different leading candidate combinations of chemical odorants for attractiveness to wild mosquitoes including anthropophilic malaria vectors, using modified Mosquito Magnet-X (MM-X) counterflow traps outside experimental huts containing male human sleepers. Highest catches of female mosquitoes, particularly of An. gambiae s.l. and Mansonia species, were obtained by incorporation of tetradecanoic acid. As additional carboxylic acids did not increase the trap catches further, this ‘reference blend’ (tetradecanoic acid with L-lactic acid, ammonia and CO(2)) was used in subsequent experiments. MM-X traps with this blend caught similar numbers of An. gambiae s.l. and slightly more Mansonia and Culex mosquitoes than a standard CDC light trap, and these numbers were not significantly affected by the presence or absence of human sleepers in the huts. Experiments with CO(2) produced from overnight yeast cultures showed that this organic source was effective in enabling trap attractiveness for all mosquito species, although at a slightly lower efficiency than obtained with use of CO(2) gas cylinders. Although further studies are needed to discover additional chemicals that increase attractiveness, as well as to optimise trap design and CO(2) source for broader practical use, the odour-baited traps described here are safe and effective for sampling host-seeking mosquitoes outdoors and can be incorporated into studies of malaria vector ecology.
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spelling pubmed-31026572011-06-02 Field Testing of Different Chemical Combinations as Odour Baits for Trapping Wild Mosquitoes in The Gambia Jawara, Musa Awolola, Taiwo S. Pinder, Margaret Jeffries, David Smallegange, Renate C. Takken, Willem Conway, David J. PLoS One Research Article Odour baited traps have potential use in population surveillance of insect vectors of disease, and in some cases for vector population reduction. Established attractants for human host-seeking mosquitoes include a combination of CO(2) with L-lactic acid and ammonia, on top of which additional candidate compounds are being tested. In this field study in rural Gambia, using Latin square experiments with thorough randomization and replication, we tested nine different leading candidate combinations of chemical odorants for attractiveness to wild mosquitoes including anthropophilic malaria vectors, using modified Mosquito Magnet-X (MM-X) counterflow traps outside experimental huts containing male human sleepers. Highest catches of female mosquitoes, particularly of An. gambiae s.l. and Mansonia species, were obtained by incorporation of tetradecanoic acid. As additional carboxylic acids did not increase the trap catches further, this ‘reference blend’ (tetradecanoic acid with L-lactic acid, ammonia and CO(2)) was used in subsequent experiments. MM-X traps with this blend caught similar numbers of An. gambiae s.l. and slightly more Mansonia and Culex mosquitoes than a standard CDC light trap, and these numbers were not significantly affected by the presence or absence of human sleepers in the huts. Experiments with CO(2) produced from overnight yeast cultures showed that this organic source was effective in enabling trap attractiveness for all mosquito species, although at a slightly lower efficiency than obtained with use of CO(2) gas cylinders. Although further studies are needed to discover additional chemicals that increase attractiveness, as well as to optimise trap design and CO(2) source for broader practical use, the odour-baited traps described here are safe and effective for sampling host-seeking mosquitoes outdoors and can be incorporated into studies of malaria vector ecology. Public Library of Science 2011-05-26 /pmc/articles/PMC3102657/ /pubmed/21637337 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0019676 Text en Jawara et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Jawara, Musa
Awolola, Taiwo S.
Pinder, Margaret
Jeffries, David
Smallegange, Renate C.
Takken, Willem
Conway, David J.
Field Testing of Different Chemical Combinations as Odour Baits for Trapping Wild Mosquitoes in The Gambia
title Field Testing of Different Chemical Combinations as Odour Baits for Trapping Wild Mosquitoes in The Gambia
title_full Field Testing of Different Chemical Combinations as Odour Baits for Trapping Wild Mosquitoes in The Gambia
title_fullStr Field Testing of Different Chemical Combinations as Odour Baits for Trapping Wild Mosquitoes in The Gambia
title_full_unstemmed Field Testing of Different Chemical Combinations as Odour Baits for Trapping Wild Mosquitoes in The Gambia
title_short Field Testing of Different Chemical Combinations as Odour Baits for Trapping Wild Mosquitoes in The Gambia
title_sort field testing of different chemical combinations as odour baits for trapping wild mosquitoes in the gambia
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3102657/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21637337
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0019676
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