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Calculating unreported confidence intervals for paired data
BACKGROUND: Confidence intervals (or associated standard errors) facilitate assessment of the practical importance of the findings of a health study, and their incorporation into a meta-analysis. For paired design studies, these items are often not reported. Since the descriptive statistics for such...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2011
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3115921/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21569392 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2288-11-66 |
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author | Hirji, Karim F Fagerland, Morten W |
author_facet | Hirji, Karim F Fagerland, Morten W |
author_sort | Hirji, Karim F |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Confidence intervals (or associated standard errors) facilitate assessment of the practical importance of the findings of a health study, and their incorporation into a meta-analysis. For paired design studies, these items are often not reported. Since the descriptive statistics for such studies are usually presented in the same way as for unpaired designs, direct computation of the standard error is not possible without additional information. METHODS: Elementary, well-known relationships between standard errors and p-values were used to develop computation schemes for paired mean difference, risk difference, risk ratio and odds ratio. RESULTS: Unreported confidence intervals for large sample paired binary and numeric data can be computed fairly accurately using simple methods provided the p-value is given. In the case of paired binary data, the design based 2 × 2 table can be reconstructed as well. CONCLUSIONS: Our results will facilitate appropriate interpretation of paired design studies, and their incorporation into meta-analyses. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3115921 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2011 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-31159212011-06-16 Calculating unreported confidence intervals for paired data Hirji, Karim F Fagerland, Morten W BMC Med Res Methodol Research Article BACKGROUND: Confidence intervals (or associated standard errors) facilitate assessment of the practical importance of the findings of a health study, and their incorporation into a meta-analysis. For paired design studies, these items are often not reported. Since the descriptive statistics for such studies are usually presented in the same way as for unpaired designs, direct computation of the standard error is not possible without additional information. METHODS: Elementary, well-known relationships between standard errors and p-values were used to develop computation schemes for paired mean difference, risk difference, risk ratio and odds ratio. RESULTS: Unreported confidence intervals for large sample paired binary and numeric data can be computed fairly accurately using simple methods provided the p-value is given. In the case of paired binary data, the design based 2 × 2 table can be reconstructed as well. CONCLUSIONS: Our results will facilitate appropriate interpretation of paired design studies, and their incorporation into meta-analyses. BioMed Central 2011-05-12 /pmc/articles/PMC3115921/ /pubmed/21569392 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2288-11-66 Text en Copyright ©2011 Hirji and Fagerland; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Hirji, Karim F Fagerland, Morten W Calculating unreported confidence intervals for paired data |
title | Calculating unreported confidence intervals for paired data |
title_full | Calculating unreported confidence intervals for paired data |
title_fullStr | Calculating unreported confidence intervals for paired data |
title_full_unstemmed | Calculating unreported confidence intervals for paired data |
title_short | Calculating unreported confidence intervals for paired data |
title_sort | calculating unreported confidence intervals for paired data |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3115921/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21569392 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2288-11-66 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT hirjikarimf calculatingunreportedconfidenceintervalsforpaireddata AT fagerlandmortenw calculatingunreportedconfidenceintervalsforpaireddata |