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Acidification in the epidermis and the role of secretory phospholipases

The function of the epidermis is to form an effective barrier between the dry, external environment and the interior of the body. The barrier specifically resides in the extracellular lipid membranes of the stratum corneum (SC) and an acidic pH is necessary to maintain its competency against various...

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Autores principales: Chan, Aegean, Mauro, Theodora
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Landes Bioscience 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3117007/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21695017
http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/derm.3.2.15140
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author Chan, Aegean
Mauro, Theodora
author_facet Chan, Aegean
Mauro, Theodora
author_sort Chan, Aegean
collection PubMed
description The function of the epidermis is to form an effective barrier between the dry, external environment and the interior of the body. The barrier specifically resides in the extracellular lipid membranes of the stratum corneum (SC) and an acidic pH is necessary to maintain its competency against various insults. The purpose of this review is to explore the mechanisms which are postulated to contribute to the acidification of the stratum corneum, including both exogenous and endogenous sources. However, recent research as pointed to several endogenous mechanisms as the major source of acidification, including a sodium/proton pump (NHE1) and free fatty acid conversion from phospholipids by secretory phospholipase A(2) (sPLA(2)). sPLA(2) has been shown to play a central role in the formation of the SC “acid mantle” in the early maturation of the epidermis postnatally. Many aspects of this enzyme family are complex and still being elucidated in research and the most recent findings on the localization and functions of sPL A(2)-IB, -IIA, -IIC, -IID, -IIE, -IIF, -III, -V, -X and -XII in the epidermis are presented here. Given their role in inflammatory dermatoses, such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, understanding this complex enzyme family can lead to novel, life-changing therapies.
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spelling pubmed-31170072011-06-21 Acidification in the epidermis and the role of secretory phospholipases Chan, Aegean Mauro, Theodora Dermatoendocrinol Review The function of the epidermis is to form an effective barrier between the dry, external environment and the interior of the body. The barrier specifically resides in the extracellular lipid membranes of the stratum corneum (SC) and an acidic pH is necessary to maintain its competency against various insults. The purpose of this review is to explore the mechanisms which are postulated to contribute to the acidification of the stratum corneum, including both exogenous and endogenous sources. However, recent research as pointed to several endogenous mechanisms as the major source of acidification, including a sodium/proton pump (NHE1) and free fatty acid conversion from phospholipids by secretory phospholipase A(2) (sPLA(2)). sPLA(2) has been shown to play a central role in the formation of the SC “acid mantle” in the early maturation of the epidermis postnatally. Many aspects of this enzyme family are complex and still being elucidated in research and the most recent findings on the localization and functions of sPL A(2)-IB, -IIA, -IIC, -IID, -IIE, -IIF, -III, -V, -X and -XII in the epidermis are presented here. Given their role in inflammatory dermatoses, such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, understanding this complex enzyme family can lead to novel, life-changing therapies. Landes Bioscience 2011 2011-04-01 /pmc/articles/PMC3117007/ /pubmed/21695017 http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/derm.3.2.15140 Text en Copyright © 2011 Landes Bioscience Open Access
spellingShingle Review
Chan, Aegean
Mauro, Theodora
Acidification in the epidermis and the role of secretory phospholipases
title Acidification in the epidermis and the role of secretory phospholipases
title_full Acidification in the epidermis and the role of secretory phospholipases
title_fullStr Acidification in the epidermis and the role of secretory phospholipases
title_full_unstemmed Acidification in the epidermis and the role of secretory phospholipases
title_short Acidification in the epidermis and the role of secretory phospholipases
title_sort acidification in the epidermis and the role of secretory phospholipases
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3117007/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21695017
http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/derm.3.2.15140
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