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High-energy ball milling technique for ZnO nanoparticles as antibacterial material

Nanoparticles of zinc oxide (ZnO) are increasingly recognized for their utility in biological applications. In this study, the high-energy ball milling (HEBM) technique was used to produce nanoparticles of ZnO from its microcrystalline powder. Four samples were ball milled for 2, 10, 20, and 50 hour...

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Autores principales: Salah, Numan, Habib, Sami S, Khan, Zishan H, Memic, Adnan, Azam, Ameer, Alarfaj, Esam, Zahed, Nabeel, Al-Hamedi, Salim
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Dove Medical Press 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3124392/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21720499
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S18267
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author Salah, Numan
Habib, Sami S
Khan, Zishan H
Memic, Adnan
Azam, Ameer
Alarfaj, Esam
Zahed, Nabeel
Al-Hamedi, Salim
author_facet Salah, Numan
Habib, Sami S
Khan, Zishan H
Memic, Adnan
Azam, Ameer
Alarfaj, Esam
Zahed, Nabeel
Al-Hamedi, Salim
author_sort Salah, Numan
collection PubMed
description Nanoparticles of zinc oxide (ZnO) are increasingly recognized for their utility in biological applications. In this study, the high-energy ball milling (HEBM) technique was used to produce nanoparticles of ZnO from its microcrystalline powder. Four samples were ball milled for 2, 10, 20, and 50 hours, respectively. The structural and optical modifications induced in the ‘as synthesized’ nanomaterials were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and photoluminescence emission spectra (PL). SEM and TEM results show a gradual decrease in particle size from around 600 to ∼30 nm, with increased milling time. The initial microstructures had random shapes, while the final shape became quite spherical. XRD analysis showed ZnO in a hexagonal structure, broadening in the diffracted peaks and going from larger to smaller particles along with a relaxation in the lattice constant c. The value of c was found to increase from 5.204 to 5.217 Å with a decrease in particle size (600 to ∼30 nm). PL result showed a new band at around 365 nm, whose intensity is found to increase as the particles size decreases. These remarkable structural and optical modifications induced in ZnO nanoparticles might prove useful for various applications. The increase in c value is an important factor for increasing the antibacterial effects of ZnO, suggesting that the HEBM technique is quite suitable for producing these nanoparticles for this purpose.
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spelling pubmed-31243922011-06-29 High-energy ball milling technique for ZnO nanoparticles as antibacterial material Salah, Numan Habib, Sami S Khan, Zishan H Memic, Adnan Azam, Ameer Alarfaj, Esam Zahed, Nabeel Al-Hamedi, Salim Int J Nanomedicine Original Research Nanoparticles of zinc oxide (ZnO) are increasingly recognized for their utility in biological applications. In this study, the high-energy ball milling (HEBM) technique was used to produce nanoparticles of ZnO from its microcrystalline powder. Four samples were ball milled for 2, 10, 20, and 50 hours, respectively. The structural and optical modifications induced in the ‘as synthesized’ nanomaterials were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and photoluminescence emission spectra (PL). SEM and TEM results show a gradual decrease in particle size from around 600 to ∼30 nm, with increased milling time. The initial microstructures had random shapes, while the final shape became quite spherical. XRD analysis showed ZnO in a hexagonal structure, broadening in the diffracted peaks and going from larger to smaller particles along with a relaxation in the lattice constant c. The value of c was found to increase from 5.204 to 5.217 Å with a decrease in particle size (600 to ∼30 nm). PL result showed a new band at around 365 nm, whose intensity is found to increase as the particles size decreases. These remarkable structural and optical modifications induced in ZnO nanoparticles might prove useful for various applications. The increase in c value is an important factor for increasing the antibacterial effects of ZnO, suggesting that the HEBM technique is quite suitable for producing these nanoparticles for this purpose. Dove Medical Press 2011 2011-04-29 /pmc/articles/PMC3124392/ /pubmed/21720499 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S18267 Text en © 2011 Salah et al, publisher and licensee Dove Medical Press Ltd. This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Research
Salah, Numan
Habib, Sami S
Khan, Zishan H
Memic, Adnan
Azam, Ameer
Alarfaj, Esam
Zahed, Nabeel
Al-Hamedi, Salim
High-energy ball milling technique for ZnO nanoparticles as antibacterial material
title High-energy ball milling technique for ZnO nanoparticles as antibacterial material
title_full High-energy ball milling technique for ZnO nanoparticles as antibacterial material
title_fullStr High-energy ball milling technique for ZnO nanoparticles as antibacterial material
title_full_unstemmed High-energy ball milling technique for ZnO nanoparticles as antibacterial material
title_short High-energy ball milling technique for ZnO nanoparticles as antibacterial material
title_sort high-energy ball milling technique for zno nanoparticles as antibacterial material
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3124392/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21720499
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S18267
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