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Arginase and Arginine Dysregulation in Asthma

In recent years, evidence has accumulated indicating that the enzyme arginase, which converts L-arginine into L-ornithine and urea, plays a key role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary disorders such as asthma through dysregulation of L-arginine metabolism and modulation of nitric oxide (NO) homeostasi...

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Autores principales: Benson, Renée C., Hardy, Karen A., Morris, Claudia R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3124954/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21747870
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/736319
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author Benson, Renée C.
Hardy, Karen A.
Morris, Claudia R.
author_facet Benson, Renée C.
Hardy, Karen A.
Morris, Claudia R.
author_sort Benson, Renée C.
collection PubMed
description In recent years, evidence has accumulated indicating that the enzyme arginase, which converts L-arginine into L-ornithine and urea, plays a key role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary disorders such as asthma through dysregulation of L-arginine metabolism and modulation of nitric oxide (NO) homeostasis. Allergic asthma is characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, and remodeling. Through substrate competition, arginase decreases bioavailability of L-arginine for nitric oxide synthase (NOS), thereby limiting NO production with subsequent effects on airway tone and inflammation. By decreasing L-arginine bioavailability, arginase may also contribute to the uncoupling of NOS and the formation of the proinflammatory oxidant peroxynitrite in the airways. Finally, arginase may play a role in the development of chronic airway remodeling through formation of L-ornithine with downstream production of polyamines and L-proline, which are involved in processes of cellular proliferation and collagen deposition. Further research on modulation of arginase activity and L-arginine bioavailability may reveal promising novel therapeutic strategies for asthma.
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spelling pubmed-31249542011-07-11 Arginase and Arginine Dysregulation in Asthma Benson, Renée C. Hardy, Karen A. Morris, Claudia R. J Allergy (Cairo) Review Article In recent years, evidence has accumulated indicating that the enzyme arginase, which converts L-arginine into L-ornithine and urea, plays a key role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary disorders such as asthma through dysregulation of L-arginine metabolism and modulation of nitric oxide (NO) homeostasis. Allergic asthma is characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, and remodeling. Through substrate competition, arginase decreases bioavailability of L-arginine for nitric oxide synthase (NOS), thereby limiting NO production with subsequent effects on airway tone and inflammation. By decreasing L-arginine bioavailability, arginase may also contribute to the uncoupling of NOS and the formation of the proinflammatory oxidant peroxynitrite in the airways. Finally, arginase may play a role in the development of chronic airway remodeling through formation of L-ornithine with downstream production of polyamines and L-proline, which are involved in processes of cellular proliferation and collagen deposition. Further research on modulation of arginase activity and L-arginine bioavailability may reveal promising novel therapeutic strategies for asthma. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2011 2011-04-26 /pmc/articles/PMC3124954/ /pubmed/21747870 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/736319 Text en Copyright © 2011 Renée C. Benson et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Benson, Renée C.
Hardy, Karen A.
Morris, Claudia R.
Arginase and Arginine Dysregulation in Asthma
title Arginase and Arginine Dysregulation in Asthma
title_full Arginase and Arginine Dysregulation in Asthma
title_fullStr Arginase and Arginine Dysregulation in Asthma
title_full_unstemmed Arginase and Arginine Dysregulation in Asthma
title_short Arginase and Arginine Dysregulation in Asthma
title_sort arginase and arginine dysregulation in asthma
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3124954/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21747870
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/736319
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