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Impact of the HIV-1 env Genetic Context outside HR1–HR2 on Resistance to the Fusion Inhibitor Enfuvirtide and Viral Infectivity in Clinical Isolates

Resistance mutations to the HIV-1 fusion inhibitor enfuvirtide emerge mainly within the drug's target region, HR1, and compensatory mutations have been described within HR2. The surrounding envelope (env) genetic context might also contribute to resistance, although to what extent and through w...

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Autores principales: Baatz, Franky, Nijhuis, Monique, Lemaire, Morgane, Riedijk, Martiene, Wensing, Annemarie M. J., Servais, Jean-Yves, van Ham, Petra M., Hoepelman, Andy I. M., Koopmans, Peter P., Sprenger, Herman G., Devaux, Carole, Schmit, Jean-Claude, Perez Bercoff, Danielle
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3132734/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21760896
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0021535
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author Baatz, Franky
Nijhuis, Monique
Lemaire, Morgane
Riedijk, Martiene
Wensing, Annemarie M. J.
Servais, Jean-Yves
van Ham, Petra M.
Hoepelman, Andy I. M.
Koopmans, Peter P.
Sprenger, Herman G.
Devaux, Carole
Schmit, Jean-Claude
Perez Bercoff, Danielle
author_facet Baatz, Franky
Nijhuis, Monique
Lemaire, Morgane
Riedijk, Martiene
Wensing, Annemarie M. J.
Servais, Jean-Yves
van Ham, Petra M.
Hoepelman, Andy I. M.
Koopmans, Peter P.
Sprenger, Herman G.
Devaux, Carole
Schmit, Jean-Claude
Perez Bercoff, Danielle
author_sort Baatz, Franky
collection PubMed
description Resistance mutations to the HIV-1 fusion inhibitor enfuvirtide emerge mainly within the drug's target region, HR1, and compensatory mutations have been described within HR2. The surrounding envelope (env) genetic context might also contribute to resistance, although to what extent and through which determinants remains elusive. To quantify the direct role of the env context in resistance to enfuvirtide and in viral infectivity, we compared enfuvirtide susceptibility and infectivity of recombinant viral pairs harboring the HR1–HR2 region or the full Env ectodomain of longitudinal env clones from 5 heavily treated patients failing enfuvirtide therapy. Prior to enfuvirtide treatment onset, no env carried known resistance mutations and full Env viruses were on average less susceptible than HR1–HR2 recombinants. All escape clones carried at least one of G36D, V38A, N42D and/or N43D/S in HR1, and accordingly, resistance increased 11- to 2800-fold relative to baseline. Resistance of full Env recombinant viruses was similar to resistance of their HR1–HR2 counterpart, indicating that HR1 and HR2 are the main contributors to resistance. Strictly X4 viruses were more resistant than strictly R5 viruses, while dual-tropic Envs featured similar resistance levels irrespective of the coreceptor expressed by the cell line used. Full Env recombinants from all patients gained infectivity under prolonged drug pressure; for HR1–HR2 viruses, infectivity remained steady for 3/5 patients, while for 2/5 patients, gains in infectivity paralleled those of the corresponding full Env recombinants, indicating that the env genetic context accounts mainly for infectivity adjustments. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that quasispecies selection is a step-wise process where selection of enfuvirtide resistance is a dominant factor early during therapy, while increased infectivity is the prominent driver under prolonged therapy.
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spelling pubmed-31327342011-07-14 Impact of the HIV-1 env Genetic Context outside HR1–HR2 on Resistance to the Fusion Inhibitor Enfuvirtide and Viral Infectivity in Clinical Isolates Baatz, Franky Nijhuis, Monique Lemaire, Morgane Riedijk, Martiene Wensing, Annemarie M. J. Servais, Jean-Yves van Ham, Petra M. Hoepelman, Andy I. M. Koopmans, Peter P. Sprenger, Herman G. Devaux, Carole Schmit, Jean-Claude Perez Bercoff, Danielle PLoS One Research Article Resistance mutations to the HIV-1 fusion inhibitor enfuvirtide emerge mainly within the drug's target region, HR1, and compensatory mutations have been described within HR2. The surrounding envelope (env) genetic context might also contribute to resistance, although to what extent and through which determinants remains elusive. To quantify the direct role of the env context in resistance to enfuvirtide and in viral infectivity, we compared enfuvirtide susceptibility and infectivity of recombinant viral pairs harboring the HR1–HR2 region or the full Env ectodomain of longitudinal env clones from 5 heavily treated patients failing enfuvirtide therapy. Prior to enfuvirtide treatment onset, no env carried known resistance mutations and full Env viruses were on average less susceptible than HR1–HR2 recombinants. All escape clones carried at least one of G36D, V38A, N42D and/or N43D/S in HR1, and accordingly, resistance increased 11- to 2800-fold relative to baseline. Resistance of full Env recombinant viruses was similar to resistance of their HR1–HR2 counterpart, indicating that HR1 and HR2 are the main contributors to resistance. Strictly X4 viruses were more resistant than strictly R5 viruses, while dual-tropic Envs featured similar resistance levels irrespective of the coreceptor expressed by the cell line used. Full Env recombinants from all patients gained infectivity under prolonged drug pressure; for HR1–HR2 viruses, infectivity remained steady for 3/5 patients, while for 2/5 patients, gains in infectivity paralleled those of the corresponding full Env recombinants, indicating that the env genetic context accounts mainly for infectivity adjustments. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that quasispecies selection is a step-wise process where selection of enfuvirtide resistance is a dominant factor early during therapy, while increased infectivity is the prominent driver under prolonged therapy. Public Library of Science 2011-07-08 /pmc/articles/PMC3132734/ /pubmed/21760896 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0021535 Text en Baatz et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Baatz, Franky
Nijhuis, Monique
Lemaire, Morgane
Riedijk, Martiene
Wensing, Annemarie M. J.
Servais, Jean-Yves
van Ham, Petra M.
Hoepelman, Andy I. M.
Koopmans, Peter P.
Sprenger, Herman G.
Devaux, Carole
Schmit, Jean-Claude
Perez Bercoff, Danielle
Impact of the HIV-1 env Genetic Context outside HR1–HR2 on Resistance to the Fusion Inhibitor Enfuvirtide and Viral Infectivity in Clinical Isolates
title Impact of the HIV-1 env Genetic Context outside HR1–HR2 on Resistance to the Fusion Inhibitor Enfuvirtide and Viral Infectivity in Clinical Isolates
title_full Impact of the HIV-1 env Genetic Context outside HR1–HR2 on Resistance to the Fusion Inhibitor Enfuvirtide and Viral Infectivity in Clinical Isolates
title_fullStr Impact of the HIV-1 env Genetic Context outside HR1–HR2 on Resistance to the Fusion Inhibitor Enfuvirtide and Viral Infectivity in Clinical Isolates
title_full_unstemmed Impact of the HIV-1 env Genetic Context outside HR1–HR2 on Resistance to the Fusion Inhibitor Enfuvirtide and Viral Infectivity in Clinical Isolates
title_short Impact of the HIV-1 env Genetic Context outside HR1–HR2 on Resistance to the Fusion Inhibitor Enfuvirtide and Viral Infectivity in Clinical Isolates
title_sort impact of the hiv-1 env genetic context outside hr1–hr2 on resistance to the fusion inhibitor enfuvirtide and viral infectivity in clinical isolates
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3132734/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21760896
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0021535
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