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Extreme Antimicrobial Peptide and Polymyxin B Resistance in the Genus Burkholderia

Cationic antimicrobial peptides and polymyxins are a group of naturally occurring antibiotics that can also possess immunomodulatory activities. They are considered a new source of antibiotics for treating infections by bacteria that are resistant to conventional antibiotics. Members of the genus Bu...

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Autores principales: Loutet, Slade A., Valvano, Miguel A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Research Foundation 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3143681/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21811491
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2011.00159
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author Loutet, Slade A.
Valvano, Miguel A.
author_facet Loutet, Slade A.
Valvano, Miguel A.
author_sort Loutet, Slade A.
collection PubMed
description Cationic antimicrobial peptides and polymyxins are a group of naturally occurring antibiotics that can also possess immunomodulatory activities. They are considered a new source of antibiotics for treating infections by bacteria that are resistant to conventional antibiotics. Members of the genus Burkholderia, which includes various human pathogens, are inherently resistant to antimicrobial peptides. The resistance is several orders of magnitude higher than that of other Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This review summarizes our current understanding of antimicrobial peptide and polymyxin B resistance in the genus Burkholderia. These bacteria possess major and minor resistance mechanisms that will be described in detail. Recent studies have revealed that many other emerging Gram-negative opportunistic pathogens may also be inherently resistant to antimicrobial peptides and polymyxins and we propose that Burkholderia sp. are a model system to investigate the molecular basis of the resistance in extremely resistant bacteria. Understanding resistance in these types of bacteria will be important if antimicrobial peptides come to be used regularly for the treatment of infections by susceptible bacteria because this may lead to increased resistance in the species that are currently susceptible and may also open up new niches for opportunistic pathogens with high inherent resistance.
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spelling pubmed-31436812011-08-02 Extreme Antimicrobial Peptide and Polymyxin B Resistance in the Genus Burkholderia Loutet, Slade A. Valvano, Miguel A. Front Microbiol Microbiology Cationic antimicrobial peptides and polymyxins are a group of naturally occurring antibiotics that can also possess immunomodulatory activities. They are considered a new source of antibiotics for treating infections by bacteria that are resistant to conventional antibiotics. Members of the genus Burkholderia, which includes various human pathogens, are inherently resistant to antimicrobial peptides. The resistance is several orders of magnitude higher than that of other Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This review summarizes our current understanding of antimicrobial peptide and polymyxin B resistance in the genus Burkholderia. These bacteria possess major and minor resistance mechanisms that will be described in detail. Recent studies have revealed that many other emerging Gram-negative opportunistic pathogens may also be inherently resistant to antimicrobial peptides and polymyxins and we propose that Burkholderia sp. are a model system to investigate the molecular basis of the resistance in extremely resistant bacteria. Understanding resistance in these types of bacteria will be important if antimicrobial peptides come to be used regularly for the treatment of infections by susceptible bacteria because this may lead to increased resistance in the species that are currently susceptible and may also open up new niches for opportunistic pathogens with high inherent resistance. Frontiers Research Foundation 2011-07-22 /pmc/articles/PMC3143681/ /pubmed/21811491 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2011.00159 Text en Copyright © 2011 Loutet and Valvano. http://www.frontiersin.org/licenseagreement This is an open-access article subject to a non-exclusive license between the authors and Frontiers Media SA, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in other forums, provided the original authors and source are credited and other Frontiers conditions are complied with.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Loutet, Slade A.
Valvano, Miguel A.
Extreme Antimicrobial Peptide and Polymyxin B Resistance in the Genus Burkholderia
title Extreme Antimicrobial Peptide and Polymyxin B Resistance in the Genus Burkholderia
title_full Extreme Antimicrobial Peptide and Polymyxin B Resistance in the Genus Burkholderia
title_fullStr Extreme Antimicrobial Peptide and Polymyxin B Resistance in the Genus Burkholderia
title_full_unstemmed Extreme Antimicrobial Peptide and Polymyxin B Resistance in the Genus Burkholderia
title_short Extreme Antimicrobial Peptide and Polymyxin B Resistance in the Genus Burkholderia
title_sort extreme antimicrobial peptide and polymyxin b resistance in the genus burkholderia
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3143681/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21811491
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2011.00159
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