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Introgression and rapid species turnover in sympatric damselflies

BACKGROUND: Studying contemporary hybridization increases our understanding of introgression, adaptation and, ultimately, speciation. The sister species Ischnura elegans and I. graellsii (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) are ecologically, morphologically and genetically similar and hybridize. Recently, I. e...

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Autores principales: Sánchez-Guillén, Rosa A, Wellenreuther, Maren, Cordero-Rivera, Adolfo, Hansson, Bengt
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3146444/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21767355
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-11-210
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author Sánchez-Guillén, Rosa A
Wellenreuther, Maren
Cordero-Rivera, Adolfo
Hansson, Bengt
author_facet Sánchez-Guillén, Rosa A
Wellenreuther, Maren
Cordero-Rivera, Adolfo
Hansson, Bengt
author_sort Sánchez-Guillén, Rosa A
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Studying contemporary hybridization increases our understanding of introgression, adaptation and, ultimately, speciation. The sister species Ischnura elegans and I. graellsii (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) are ecologically, morphologically and genetically similar and hybridize. Recently, I. elegans has colonized northern Spain, creating a broad sympatric region with I. graellsii. Here, we review the distribution of both species in Iberia and evaluate the degree of introgression of I. graellsii into I. elegans using six microsatellite markers (442 individuals from 26 populations) and five mitochondrial genes in sympatric and allopatric localities. Furthermore, we quantify the effect of hybridization on the frequencies of the genetically controlled colour polymorphism in females of both species. RESULTS: In a principal component analysis of the microsatellite data, the first two principal components summarised almost half (41%) of the total genetic variation. The first axis revealed a clear separation of I. graellsii and I. elegans populations, while the second axis separated I. elegans populations. Admixture analyses showed extensive hybridization and introgression in I. elegans populations, consistent with I. elegans backcrosses and occasional F(1)-hybrids, suggesting hybridization is on-going. More specifically, approximately 58% of the 166 Spanish I. elegans individuals were assigned to the I. elegans backcross category, whereas not a single of those individuals was assigned to the backcross with I. graellsii. The mitochondrial genes held little genetic variation, and the most common haplotype was shared by the two species. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest rapid species turnover in sympatric regions in favour of I. elegans, corroborating previous findings that I. graellsii suffers a mating disadvantage in sympatry with I. elegans. Examination of morph frequency dynamics indicates that hybridization is likely to have important implications for the maintenance of multiple female morphs, in particular during the initial period of hybridization.
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spelling pubmed-31464442011-07-30 Introgression and rapid species turnover in sympatric damselflies Sánchez-Guillén, Rosa A Wellenreuther, Maren Cordero-Rivera, Adolfo Hansson, Bengt BMC Evol Biol Research Article BACKGROUND: Studying contemporary hybridization increases our understanding of introgression, adaptation and, ultimately, speciation. The sister species Ischnura elegans and I. graellsii (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) are ecologically, morphologically and genetically similar and hybridize. Recently, I. elegans has colonized northern Spain, creating a broad sympatric region with I. graellsii. Here, we review the distribution of both species in Iberia and evaluate the degree of introgression of I. graellsii into I. elegans using six microsatellite markers (442 individuals from 26 populations) and five mitochondrial genes in sympatric and allopatric localities. Furthermore, we quantify the effect of hybridization on the frequencies of the genetically controlled colour polymorphism in females of both species. RESULTS: In a principal component analysis of the microsatellite data, the first two principal components summarised almost half (41%) of the total genetic variation. The first axis revealed a clear separation of I. graellsii and I. elegans populations, while the second axis separated I. elegans populations. Admixture analyses showed extensive hybridization and introgression in I. elegans populations, consistent with I. elegans backcrosses and occasional F(1)-hybrids, suggesting hybridization is on-going. More specifically, approximately 58% of the 166 Spanish I. elegans individuals were assigned to the I. elegans backcross category, whereas not a single of those individuals was assigned to the backcross with I. graellsii. The mitochondrial genes held little genetic variation, and the most common haplotype was shared by the two species. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest rapid species turnover in sympatric regions in favour of I. elegans, corroborating previous findings that I. graellsii suffers a mating disadvantage in sympatry with I. elegans. Examination of morph frequency dynamics indicates that hybridization is likely to have important implications for the maintenance of multiple female morphs, in particular during the initial period of hybridization. BioMed Central 2011-07-18 /pmc/articles/PMC3146444/ /pubmed/21767355 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-11-210 Text en Copyright ©2011 Sánchez-Guillén et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Sánchez-Guillén, Rosa A
Wellenreuther, Maren
Cordero-Rivera, Adolfo
Hansson, Bengt
Introgression and rapid species turnover in sympatric damselflies
title Introgression and rapid species turnover in sympatric damselflies
title_full Introgression and rapid species turnover in sympatric damselflies
title_fullStr Introgression and rapid species turnover in sympatric damselflies
title_full_unstemmed Introgression and rapid species turnover in sympatric damselflies
title_short Introgression and rapid species turnover in sympatric damselflies
title_sort introgression and rapid species turnover in sympatric damselflies
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3146444/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21767355
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-11-210
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