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Neural Underpinnings of Distortions in the Experience of Time Across Senses

Auditory signals (A) are perceived as lasting longer than visual signals (V) of the same physical duration when they are compared together. Despite considerable debate about how this illusion arises psychologically, the neural underpinnings have not been studied. We used functional magnetic resonanc...

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Autores principales: Harrington, Deborah L., Castillo, Gabriel N., Fong, Christopher H., Reed, Jason D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Research Foundation 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3147157/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21847374
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnint.2011.00032
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author Harrington, Deborah L.
Castillo, Gabriel N.
Fong, Christopher H.
Reed, Jason D.
author_facet Harrington, Deborah L.
Castillo, Gabriel N.
Fong, Christopher H.
Reed, Jason D.
author_sort Harrington, Deborah L.
collection PubMed
description Auditory signals (A) are perceived as lasting longer than visual signals (V) of the same physical duration when they are compared together. Despite considerable debate about how this illusion arises psychologically, the neural underpinnings have not been studied. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the neural bases of audiovisual temporal distortions and more generally, intersensory timing. Adults underwent fMRI while judging the relative duration of successively presented standard interval–comparison interval (CI) pairs, which were unimodal (A–A, V–V) or crossmodal (V–A, A–V). Mechanisms of time dilation and compression were identified by comparing the two crossmodal pairs. Mechanisms of intersensory timing were identified by comparing the unimodal and crossmodal conditions. The behavioral results showed that auditory CIs were perceived as lasting longer than visual CIs. There were three novel fMRI results. First, time dilation and compression were distinguished by differential activation of higher-sensory areas (superior temporal, posterior insula, middle occipital), which typically showed stronger effective connectivity when time was dilated (V–A). Second, when time was compressed (A–V) activation was greater in frontal cognitive-control centers, which guide decision making. These areas did not exhibit effective connectivity. Third, intrasensory timing was distinguished from intersensory timing partly by decreased striatal and increased superior parietal activation. These regions showed stronger connectivity with visual, memory, and cognitive-control centers during intersensory timing. Altogether, the results indicate that time dilation and compression arise from the connectivity strength of higher-sensory systems with other areas. Conversely, more extensive network interactions are needed with core timing (striatum) and attention (superior parietal) centers to integrate time codes for intersensory signals.
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spelling pubmed-31471572011-08-16 Neural Underpinnings of Distortions in the Experience of Time Across Senses Harrington, Deborah L. Castillo, Gabriel N. Fong, Christopher H. Reed, Jason D. Front Integr Neurosci Neuroscience Auditory signals (A) are perceived as lasting longer than visual signals (V) of the same physical duration when they are compared together. Despite considerable debate about how this illusion arises psychologically, the neural underpinnings have not been studied. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the neural bases of audiovisual temporal distortions and more generally, intersensory timing. Adults underwent fMRI while judging the relative duration of successively presented standard interval–comparison interval (CI) pairs, which were unimodal (A–A, V–V) or crossmodal (V–A, A–V). Mechanisms of time dilation and compression were identified by comparing the two crossmodal pairs. Mechanisms of intersensory timing were identified by comparing the unimodal and crossmodal conditions. The behavioral results showed that auditory CIs were perceived as lasting longer than visual CIs. There were three novel fMRI results. First, time dilation and compression were distinguished by differential activation of higher-sensory areas (superior temporal, posterior insula, middle occipital), which typically showed stronger effective connectivity when time was dilated (V–A). Second, when time was compressed (A–V) activation was greater in frontal cognitive-control centers, which guide decision making. These areas did not exhibit effective connectivity. Third, intrasensory timing was distinguished from intersensory timing partly by decreased striatal and increased superior parietal activation. These regions showed stronger connectivity with visual, memory, and cognitive-control centers during intersensory timing. Altogether, the results indicate that time dilation and compression arise from the connectivity strength of higher-sensory systems with other areas. Conversely, more extensive network interactions are needed with core timing (striatum) and attention (superior parietal) centers to integrate time codes for intersensory signals. Frontiers Research Foundation 2011-07-28 /pmc/articles/PMC3147157/ /pubmed/21847374 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnint.2011.00032 Text en Copyright © 2011 Harrington, Castillo, Fong and Reed. http://www.frontiersin.org/licenseagreement This is an open-access article subject to a non-exclusive license between the authors and Frontiers Media SA, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in other forums, provided the original authors and source are credited and other Frontiers conditions are complied with.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Harrington, Deborah L.
Castillo, Gabriel N.
Fong, Christopher H.
Reed, Jason D.
Neural Underpinnings of Distortions in the Experience of Time Across Senses
title Neural Underpinnings of Distortions in the Experience of Time Across Senses
title_full Neural Underpinnings of Distortions in the Experience of Time Across Senses
title_fullStr Neural Underpinnings of Distortions in the Experience of Time Across Senses
title_full_unstemmed Neural Underpinnings of Distortions in the Experience of Time Across Senses
title_short Neural Underpinnings of Distortions in the Experience of Time Across Senses
title_sort neural underpinnings of distortions in the experience of time across senses
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3147157/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21847374
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnint.2011.00032
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