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Time-Referenced Effects of an Internal vs. External Focus of Attention on Muscular Activity and Compensatory Variability
The paralysis-by-analysis phenomenon, i.e., attending to the execution of one's movement impairs performance, has gathered a lot of attention over recent years (see Wulf, 2007, for a review). Explanations of this phenomenon, e.g., the hypotheses of constrained action (Wulf et al., 2001) or of s...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Research Foundation
2010
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3153835/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21833285 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2010.00230 |
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author | Hossner, Ernst-Joachim Ehrlenspiel, Felix |
author_facet | Hossner, Ernst-Joachim Ehrlenspiel, Felix |
author_sort | Hossner, Ernst-Joachim |
collection | PubMed |
description | The paralysis-by-analysis phenomenon, i.e., attending to the execution of one's movement impairs performance, has gathered a lot of attention over recent years (see Wulf, 2007, for a review). Explanations of this phenomenon, e.g., the hypotheses of constrained action (Wulf et al., 2001) or of step-by-step execution (Masters, 1992; Beilock et al., 2002), however, do not refer to the level of underlying mechanisms on the level of sensorimotor control. For this purpose, a “nodal-point hypothesis” is presented here with the core assumption that skilled motor behavior is internally based on sensorimotor chains of nodal points, that attending to intermediate nodal points leads to a muscular re-freezing of the motor system at exactly and exclusively these points in time, and that this re-freezing is accompanied by the disruption of compensatory processes, resulting in an overall decrease of motor performance. Two experiments, on lever sequencing and basketball free throws, respectively, are reported that successfully tested these time-referenced predictions, i.e., showing that muscular activity is selectively increased and compensatory variability selectively decreased at movement-related nodal points if these points are in the focus of attention. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3153835 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2010 |
publisher | Frontiers Research Foundation |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-31538352011-08-10 Time-Referenced Effects of an Internal vs. External Focus of Attention on Muscular Activity and Compensatory Variability Hossner, Ernst-Joachim Ehrlenspiel, Felix Front Psychol Psychology The paralysis-by-analysis phenomenon, i.e., attending to the execution of one's movement impairs performance, has gathered a lot of attention over recent years (see Wulf, 2007, for a review). Explanations of this phenomenon, e.g., the hypotheses of constrained action (Wulf et al., 2001) or of step-by-step execution (Masters, 1992; Beilock et al., 2002), however, do not refer to the level of underlying mechanisms on the level of sensorimotor control. For this purpose, a “nodal-point hypothesis” is presented here with the core assumption that skilled motor behavior is internally based on sensorimotor chains of nodal points, that attending to intermediate nodal points leads to a muscular re-freezing of the motor system at exactly and exclusively these points in time, and that this re-freezing is accompanied by the disruption of compensatory processes, resulting in an overall decrease of motor performance. Two experiments, on lever sequencing and basketball free throws, respectively, are reported that successfully tested these time-referenced predictions, i.e., showing that muscular activity is selectively increased and compensatory variability selectively decreased at movement-related nodal points if these points are in the focus of attention. Frontiers Research Foundation 2010-12-23 /pmc/articles/PMC3153835/ /pubmed/21833285 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2010.00230 Text en Copyright © 2010 Hossner and Ehrlenspiel. http://www.frontiersin.org/licenseagreement This is an open-access article subject to an exclusive license agreement between the authors and the Frontiers Research Foundation, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original authors and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Psychology Hossner, Ernst-Joachim Ehrlenspiel, Felix Time-Referenced Effects of an Internal vs. External Focus of Attention on Muscular Activity and Compensatory Variability |
title | Time-Referenced Effects of an Internal vs. External Focus of Attention on Muscular Activity and Compensatory Variability |
title_full | Time-Referenced Effects of an Internal vs. External Focus of Attention on Muscular Activity and Compensatory Variability |
title_fullStr | Time-Referenced Effects of an Internal vs. External Focus of Attention on Muscular Activity and Compensatory Variability |
title_full_unstemmed | Time-Referenced Effects of an Internal vs. External Focus of Attention on Muscular Activity and Compensatory Variability |
title_short | Time-Referenced Effects of an Internal vs. External Focus of Attention on Muscular Activity and Compensatory Variability |
title_sort | time-referenced effects of an internal vs. external focus of attention on muscular activity and compensatory variability |
topic | Psychology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3153835/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21833285 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2010.00230 |
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