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Amylin Analogues in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus: Medicinal Chemistry and Structural Basis of its Function

Amylin, (islet amyloid polypeptide) or diabetes-associated peptide is co-secreted with insulin in the islet of Langerhans of diabetic patients in approximately 1:100, amylin-insulin ratio. The soluble form of amylin, an analogue of amylin, is used as a supplement to insulin in the treatment of type...

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Autores principales: Adeghate, Ernest, Kalász, Huba
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Bentham Open 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3174573/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21966328
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874104501105010078
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author Adeghate, Ernest
Kalász, Huba
author_facet Adeghate, Ernest
Kalász, Huba
author_sort Adeghate, Ernest
collection PubMed
description Amylin, (islet amyloid polypeptide) or diabetes-associated peptide is co-secreted with insulin in the islet of Langerhans of diabetic patients in approximately 1:100, amylin-insulin ratio. The soluble form of amylin, an analogue of amylin, is used as a supplement to insulin in the treatment of type 1 diabetes. Co-administration of amylin analogue with insulin to patients with type 1 diabetes induced a larger reduction in proprandial hyperglycemia, with a concomitant reduction in the level of glucagon when compared to insulin monotherapy. The actions of amylin analogues appear to be synergistic to insulin, with which it is co-released from insulin-producing beta cells after a meal. Amylin analogues such as pramlintide has been shown to significantly reduce body weight, HbA1c values and even the dosage of insulin. A moderate weight loss can also be achieved in obese patients with or without diabetes. A major side effect of some amylin analogues includes nausea and excitation of the area postrema. This review examines the medicinal chemistry of amylin and its analogues and their effects.
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spelling pubmed-31745732011-09-30 Amylin Analogues in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus: Medicinal Chemistry and Structural Basis of its Function Adeghate, Ernest Kalász, Huba Open Med Chem J Article Amylin, (islet amyloid polypeptide) or diabetes-associated peptide is co-secreted with insulin in the islet of Langerhans of diabetic patients in approximately 1:100, amylin-insulin ratio. The soluble form of amylin, an analogue of amylin, is used as a supplement to insulin in the treatment of type 1 diabetes. Co-administration of amylin analogue with insulin to patients with type 1 diabetes induced a larger reduction in proprandial hyperglycemia, with a concomitant reduction in the level of glucagon when compared to insulin monotherapy. The actions of amylin analogues appear to be synergistic to insulin, with which it is co-released from insulin-producing beta cells after a meal. Amylin analogues such as pramlintide has been shown to significantly reduce body weight, HbA1c values and even the dosage of insulin. A moderate weight loss can also be achieved in obese patients with or without diabetes. A major side effect of some amylin analogues includes nausea and excitation of the area postrema. This review examines the medicinal chemistry of amylin and its analogues and their effects. Bentham Open 2011-09-09 /pmc/articles/PMC3174573/ /pubmed/21966328 http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874104501105010078 Text en © Adeghate and Kalász; Licensee Bentham Open. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Article
Adeghate, Ernest
Kalász, Huba
Amylin Analogues in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus: Medicinal Chemistry and Structural Basis of its Function
title Amylin Analogues in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus: Medicinal Chemistry and Structural Basis of its Function
title_full Amylin Analogues in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus: Medicinal Chemistry and Structural Basis of its Function
title_fullStr Amylin Analogues in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus: Medicinal Chemistry and Structural Basis of its Function
title_full_unstemmed Amylin Analogues in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus: Medicinal Chemistry and Structural Basis of its Function
title_short Amylin Analogues in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus: Medicinal Chemistry and Structural Basis of its Function
title_sort amylin analogues in the treatment of diabetes mellitus: medicinal chemistry and structural basis of its function
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3174573/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21966328
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874104501105010078
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