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Diagnosis and Management of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a rare disease, which requires a high index of suspicion to diagnose when patients initially present. Initial symptoms can be nonspecific and include complaints such as fatigue and mild dyspnea. Once the disease is suspected, echocardiography is used to estimate th...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Houtchens, Jeanne, Martin, Douglas, Klinger, James R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3176617/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21941650
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/845864
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author Houtchens, Jeanne
Martin, Douglas
Klinger, James R.
author_facet Houtchens, Jeanne
Martin, Douglas
Klinger, James R.
author_sort Houtchens, Jeanne
collection PubMed
description Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a rare disease, which requires a high index of suspicion to diagnose when patients initially present. Initial symptoms can be nonspecific and include complaints such as fatigue and mild dyspnea. Once the disease is suspected, echocardiography is used to estimate the pulmonary arterial (PA) pressure and to exclude secondary causes of elevated PA pressures such as left heart disease. Right heart catheterization with vasodilator challenge is critical to the proper assessment of pulmonary hemodynamics and to determine whether patients are likely to benefit from vasodilator therapy. Pathologically, the disease is characterized by deleterious remodeling of the distal pulmonary arterial and arteriolar circulation, which results in increased pulmonary vascular resistance. In the last fifteen years, medications from three different classes have been approved for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. These include the prostanoids, endothelin receptor antagonists, and phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors.
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spelling pubmed-31766172011-09-22 Diagnosis and Management of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Houtchens, Jeanne Martin, Douglas Klinger, James R. Pulm Med Review Article Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a rare disease, which requires a high index of suspicion to diagnose when patients initially present. Initial symptoms can be nonspecific and include complaints such as fatigue and mild dyspnea. Once the disease is suspected, echocardiography is used to estimate the pulmonary arterial (PA) pressure and to exclude secondary causes of elevated PA pressures such as left heart disease. Right heart catheterization with vasodilator challenge is critical to the proper assessment of pulmonary hemodynamics and to determine whether patients are likely to benefit from vasodilator therapy. Pathologically, the disease is characterized by deleterious remodeling of the distal pulmonary arterial and arteriolar circulation, which results in increased pulmonary vascular resistance. In the last fifteen years, medications from three different classes have been approved for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. These include the prostanoids, endothelin receptor antagonists, and phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2011 2011-09-20 /pmc/articles/PMC3176617/ /pubmed/21941650 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/845864 Text en Copyright © 2011 Jeanne Houtchens et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Houtchens, Jeanne
Martin, Douglas
Klinger, James R.
Diagnosis and Management of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
title Diagnosis and Management of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
title_full Diagnosis and Management of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
title_fullStr Diagnosis and Management of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
title_full_unstemmed Diagnosis and Management of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
title_short Diagnosis and Management of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
title_sort diagnosis and management of pulmonary arterial hypertension
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3176617/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21941650
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/845864
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