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The Prevalence and Significance of HTLV-I/II Seroindeterminate Western Blot Patterns

Human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) infects an estimated 15–20 million persons worldwide. A number of diseases have been associated with the virus including adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), HTLV-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), HTLV-I uveitis, and HTLV-I-associated in...

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Autores principales: Abrams, Anna, Akahata, Yoshimi, Jacobson, Steven
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI) 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3185804/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21994781
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v3081320
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author Abrams, Anna
Akahata, Yoshimi
Jacobson, Steven
author_facet Abrams, Anna
Akahata, Yoshimi
Jacobson, Steven
author_sort Abrams, Anna
collection PubMed
description Human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) infects an estimated 15–20 million persons worldwide. A number of diseases have been associated with the virus including adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), HTLV-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), HTLV-I uveitis, and HTLV-I-associated infective dermatitis. Once it was shown that there is an increased risk for developing HAM/TSP associated with blood transfusion, screening for HTLV-1 among blood banks was implemented in Japan, United States, France, and the Netherlands. This process includes detection by an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) followed by a confirmatory Western blot (WB) in which recombinant proteins specific for HTLV-I Env glycoproteins are incorporated into WB strips. HTLV-I seropositive results are defined by the presence of antibodies against either gp46 or gp62/68 (both Env protein bands) and either p19, p24, or p53 (one of the gag bands). HTLV-II seropositivity is confirmed by the presence of rgp46-II. However, numerous cases have been documented in which serum samples are reactive by EIA, but an incomplete banding pattern is displayed by subsequent confirmatory WB. Although the significance of these HTLV-I/II seroindeterminates is unclear, it may suggest a much higher incidence of exposure to HTLV-I/II than previously estimated.
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spelling pubmed-31858042011-10-12 The Prevalence and Significance of HTLV-I/II Seroindeterminate Western Blot Patterns Abrams, Anna Akahata, Yoshimi Jacobson, Steven Viruses Review Human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) infects an estimated 15–20 million persons worldwide. A number of diseases have been associated with the virus including adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), HTLV-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), HTLV-I uveitis, and HTLV-I-associated infective dermatitis. Once it was shown that there is an increased risk for developing HAM/TSP associated with blood transfusion, screening for HTLV-1 among blood banks was implemented in Japan, United States, France, and the Netherlands. This process includes detection by an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) followed by a confirmatory Western blot (WB) in which recombinant proteins specific for HTLV-I Env glycoproteins are incorporated into WB strips. HTLV-I seropositive results are defined by the presence of antibodies against either gp46 or gp62/68 (both Env protein bands) and either p19, p24, or p53 (one of the gag bands). HTLV-II seropositivity is confirmed by the presence of rgp46-II. However, numerous cases have been documented in which serum samples are reactive by EIA, but an incomplete banding pattern is displayed by subsequent confirmatory WB. Although the significance of these HTLV-I/II seroindeterminates is unclear, it may suggest a much higher incidence of exposure to HTLV-I/II than previously estimated. Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI) 2011-08-02 /pmc/articles/PMC3185804/ /pubmed/21994781 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v3081320 Text en © 2011 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Abrams, Anna
Akahata, Yoshimi
Jacobson, Steven
The Prevalence and Significance of HTLV-I/II Seroindeterminate Western Blot Patterns
title The Prevalence and Significance of HTLV-I/II Seroindeterminate Western Blot Patterns
title_full The Prevalence and Significance of HTLV-I/II Seroindeterminate Western Blot Patterns
title_fullStr The Prevalence and Significance of HTLV-I/II Seroindeterminate Western Blot Patterns
title_full_unstemmed The Prevalence and Significance of HTLV-I/II Seroindeterminate Western Blot Patterns
title_short The Prevalence and Significance of HTLV-I/II Seroindeterminate Western Blot Patterns
title_sort prevalence and significance of htlv-i/ii seroindeterminate western blot patterns
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3185804/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21994781
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v3081320
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