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An Atypical Epigenetic Mechanism Affects Uniparental Expression of Pol IV-Dependent siRNAs

BACKGROUND: Small RNAs generated by RNA polymerase IV (Pol IV) are the most abundant class of small RNAs in flowering plants. In Arabidopsis thaliana Pol IV-dependent short interfering (p4-si)RNAs are imprinted and accumulate specifically from maternal chromosomes in the developing seeds. Imprinted...

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Autores principales: Mosher, Rebecca A., Tan, Ek Han, Shin, Juhyun, Fischer, Robert L., Pikaard, Craig S., Baulcombe, David C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3189211/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22003406
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025756
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author Mosher, Rebecca A.
Tan, Ek Han
Shin, Juhyun
Fischer, Robert L.
Pikaard, Craig S.
Baulcombe, David C.
author_facet Mosher, Rebecca A.
Tan, Ek Han
Shin, Juhyun
Fischer, Robert L.
Pikaard, Craig S.
Baulcombe, David C.
author_sort Mosher, Rebecca A.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Small RNAs generated by RNA polymerase IV (Pol IV) are the most abundant class of small RNAs in flowering plants. In Arabidopsis thaliana Pol IV-dependent short interfering (p4-si)RNAs are imprinted and accumulate specifically from maternal chromosomes in the developing seeds. Imprinted expression of protein-coding genes is controlled by differential DNA or histone methylation placed in gametes. To identify epigenetic factors required for maternal-specific expression of p4-siRNAs we analyzed the effect of a series of candidate mutations, including those required for genomic imprinting of protein-coding genes, on uniparental expression of a representative p4-siRNA locus. RESULTS: Paternal alleles of imprinted genes are marked by DNA or histone methylation placed by DNA METHYLTRANSFERASE 1 or the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2. Here we demonstrate that repression of paternal p4-siRNA expression at locus 08002 is not controlled by either of these mechanisms. Similarly, loss of several chromatin modification enzymes, including a histone acetyltransferase, a histone methyltransferase, and two nucleosome remodeling proteins, does not affect maternal expression of locus 08002. Maternal alleles of imprinted genes are hypomethylated by DEMETER DNA glycosylase, yet expression of p4-siRNAs occurs irrespective of demethylation by DEMETER or related glycosylases. CONCLUSIONS: Differential DNA methylation and other chromatin modifications associated with epigenetic silencing are not required for maternal-specific expression of p4-siRNAs at locus 08002. These data indicate that there is an as yet unknown epigenetic mechanism causing maternal-specific p4-siRNA expression that is distinct from the well-characterized mechanisms associated with DNA methylation or the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2.
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spelling pubmed-31892112011-10-14 An Atypical Epigenetic Mechanism Affects Uniparental Expression of Pol IV-Dependent siRNAs Mosher, Rebecca A. Tan, Ek Han Shin, Juhyun Fischer, Robert L. Pikaard, Craig S. Baulcombe, David C. PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Small RNAs generated by RNA polymerase IV (Pol IV) are the most abundant class of small RNAs in flowering plants. In Arabidopsis thaliana Pol IV-dependent short interfering (p4-si)RNAs are imprinted and accumulate specifically from maternal chromosomes in the developing seeds. Imprinted expression of protein-coding genes is controlled by differential DNA or histone methylation placed in gametes. To identify epigenetic factors required for maternal-specific expression of p4-siRNAs we analyzed the effect of a series of candidate mutations, including those required for genomic imprinting of protein-coding genes, on uniparental expression of a representative p4-siRNA locus. RESULTS: Paternal alleles of imprinted genes are marked by DNA or histone methylation placed by DNA METHYLTRANSFERASE 1 or the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2. Here we demonstrate that repression of paternal p4-siRNA expression at locus 08002 is not controlled by either of these mechanisms. Similarly, loss of several chromatin modification enzymes, including a histone acetyltransferase, a histone methyltransferase, and two nucleosome remodeling proteins, does not affect maternal expression of locus 08002. Maternal alleles of imprinted genes are hypomethylated by DEMETER DNA glycosylase, yet expression of p4-siRNAs occurs irrespective of demethylation by DEMETER or related glycosylases. CONCLUSIONS: Differential DNA methylation and other chromatin modifications associated with epigenetic silencing are not required for maternal-specific expression of p4-siRNAs at locus 08002. These data indicate that there is an as yet unknown epigenetic mechanism causing maternal-specific p4-siRNA expression that is distinct from the well-characterized mechanisms associated with DNA methylation or the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2. Public Library of Science 2011-10-07 /pmc/articles/PMC3189211/ /pubmed/22003406 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025756 Text en Mosher et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Mosher, Rebecca A.
Tan, Ek Han
Shin, Juhyun
Fischer, Robert L.
Pikaard, Craig S.
Baulcombe, David C.
An Atypical Epigenetic Mechanism Affects Uniparental Expression of Pol IV-Dependent siRNAs
title An Atypical Epigenetic Mechanism Affects Uniparental Expression of Pol IV-Dependent siRNAs
title_full An Atypical Epigenetic Mechanism Affects Uniparental Expression of Pol IV-Dependent siRNAs
title_fullStr An Atypical Epigenetic Mechanism Affects Uniparental Expression of Pol IV-Dependent siRNAs
title_full_unstemmed An Atypical Epigenetic Mechanism Affects Uniparental Expression of Pol IV-Dependent siRNAs
title_short An Atypical Epigenetic Mechanism Affects Uniparental Expression of Pol IV-Dependent siRNAs
title_sort atypical epigenetic mechanism affects uniparental expression of pol iv-dependent sirnas
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3189211/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22003406
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025756
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