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Origin and Dynamics of HIV-1 Subtype C Infection in India

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the geographical origin and evolution dynamics of HIV-1 subtype C infection in India. DESIGN: Ninety HIV-1 subtype C env gp120 subtype C sequences from India were compared with 312 env gp120 reference subtype C sequences from 27 different countries obtained from Los Alamos...

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Autores principales: Shen, Chengli, Craigo, Jodi, Ding, Ming, Chen, Yue, Gupta, Phalguni
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3189977/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22016790
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025956
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author Shen, Chengli
Craigo, Jodi
Ding, Ming
Chen, Yue
Gupta, Phalguni
author_facet Shen, Chengli
Craigo, Jodi
Ding, Ming
Chen, Yue
Gupta, Phalguni
author_sort Shen, Chengli
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: To investigate the geographical origin and evolution dynamics of HIV-1 subtype C infection in India. DESIGN: Ninety HIV-1 subtype C env gp120 subtype C sequences from India were compared with 312 env gp120 reference subtype C sequences from 27 different countries obtained from Los Alamos HIV database. All the HIV-1 subtype C env gp120 sequences from India were used for the geographical origin analysis and 61 subtype C env gp120 sequences with known sampling year (from 1991 to 2008) were employed to determine the origin of HIV infection in India. METHODS: Phylogenetic analysis of HIV-1 env sequences was used to investigate the geographical origin and tMRCA of Indian HIV-1 subtype C. Evolutionary parameters including origin date and demographic growth patterns of Indian subtype C were estimated using a Bayesian coalescent-based approach under relaxed molecular clock models. FINDINGS: The majority of the analyzed Indian and South African HIV-1 subtype C sequences formed a single monophyletic cluster. The most recent common ancestor date was calculated to be 1975.56 (95% HPD, 1968.78–1981.52). Reconstruction of the effective population size revealed three phases of epidemic growth: an initial slow growth, followed by exponential growth, and then a plateau phase approaching present time. Stabilization of the epidemic growth phase correlated with the foundation of National AIDS Control Organization in India. INTERPRETATION: Indian subtype C originated from a single South African lineage in the middle of 1970s. The current study emphasizes not only the utility of HIV-1 sequence data for epidemiological studies but more notably highlights the effectiveness of community or government intervention strategies in controlling the trend of the epidemic.
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spelling pubmed-31899772011-10-20 Origin and Dynamics of HIV-1 Subtype C Infection in India Shen, Chengli Craigo, Jodi Ding, Ming Chen, Yue Gupta, Phalguni PLoS One Research Article OBJECTIVE: To investigate the geographical origin and evolution dynamics of HIV-1 subtype C infection in India. DESIGN: Ninety HIV-1 subtype C env gp120 subtype C sequences from India were compared with 312 env gp120 reference subtype C sequences from 27 different countries obtained from Los Alamos HIV database. All the HIV-1 subtype C env gp120 sequences from India were used for the geographical origin analysis and 61 subtype C env gp120 sequences with known sampling year (from 1991 to 2008) were employed to determine the origin of HIV infection in India. METHODS: Phylogenetic analysis of HIV-1 env sequences was used to investigate the geographical origin and tMRCA of Indian HIV-1 subtype C. Evolutionary parameters including origin date and demographic growth patterns of Indian subtype C were estimated using a Bayesian coalescent-based approach under relaxed molecular clock models. FINDINGS: The majority of the analyzed Indian and South African HIV-1 subtype C sequences formed a single monophyletic cluster. The most recent common ancestor date was calculated to be 1975.56 (95% HPD, 1968.78–1981.52). Reconstruction of the effective population size revealed three phases of epidemic growth: an initial slow growth, followed by exponential growth, and then a plateau phase approaching present time. Stabilization of the epidemic growth phase correlated with the foundation of National AIDS Control Organization in India. INTERPRETATION: Indian subtype C originated from a single South African lineage in the middle of 1970s. The current study emphasizes not only the utility of HIV-1 sequence data for epidemiological studies but more notably highlights the effectiveness of community or government intervention strategies in controlling the trend of the epidemic. Public Library of Science 2011-10-10 /pmc/articles/PMC3189977/ /pubmed/22016790 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025956 Text en Shen et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Shen, Chengli
Craigo, Jodi
Ding, Ming
Chen, Yue
Gupta, Phalguni
Origin and Dynamics of HIV-1 Subtype C Infection in India
title Origin and Dynamics of HIV-1 Subtype C Infection in India
title_full Origin and Dynamics of HIV-1 Subtype C Infection in India
title_fullStr Origin and Dynamics of HIV-1 Subtype C Infection in India
title_full_unstemmed Origin and Dynamics of HIV-1 Subtype C Infection in India
title_short Origin and Dynamics of HIV-1 Subtype C Infection in India
title_sort origin and dynamics of hiv-1 subtype c infection in india
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3189977/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22016790
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025956
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