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Clonal diversity of the glutamate dehydrogenase gene in Giardia duodenalis from Thai Isolates: evidence of genetic exchange or Mixed Infections?
BACKGROUND: The glutamate dehydrogenase gene (gdh) is one of the most popular and useful genetic markers for the genotypic analysis of Giardia duodenalis (syn. G. lamblia, G. intestinalis), the protozoan that widely causes enteric disease in humans. To determine the distribution of genotypes of G. d...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2011
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3191338/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21933419 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2180-11-206 |
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author | Siripattanapipong, Suradej Leelayoova, Saovanee Mungthin, Mathirut Thompson, RC Andrew Boontanom, Parima Saksirisampant, Wilai Tan-ariya, Peerapan |
author_facet | Siripattanapipong, Suradej Leelayoova, Saovanee Mungthin, Mathirut Thompson, RC Andrew Boontanom, Parima Saksirisampant, Wilai Tan-ariya, Peerapan |
author_sort | Siripattanapipong, Suradej |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The glutamate dehydrogenase gene (gdh) is one of the most popular and useful genetic markers for the genotypic analysis of Giardia duodenalis (syn. G. lamblia, G. intestinalis), the protozoan that widely causes enteric disease in humans. To determine the distribution of genotypes of G. duodenalis in Thai populations and to investigate the extent of sequence variation at this locus, 42 fecal samples were collected from 3 regions of Thailand i.e., Central, Northern, and Eastern regions. All specimens were analyzed using PCR-based genotyping and recombinant subcloning methods. RESULTS: The results showed that the prevalence of assemblages A and B among these populations was approximately equal, 20 (47.6%) and 22 (52.4%), respectively. Sequence analysis revealed that the nucleotide diversity of assemblage B was significantly greater than that in assemblage A. Among all assemblage B positive specimens, the allelic sequence divergence within isolates was detected. Nine isolates showed mixed alleles, ranged from three to nine distinct alleles per isolate. Statistical analysis demonstrated the occurrence of genetic recombination within subassemblages BIII and BIV was likely. CONCLUSION: This study supports increasing evidence that G. duodenalis has the potential for genetic exchange. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3191338 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2011 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-31913382011-10-13 Clonal diversity of the glutamate dehydrogenase gene in Giardia duodenalis from Thai Isolates: evidence of genetic exchange or Mixed Infections? Siripattanapipong, Suradej Leelayoova, Saovanee Mungthin, Mathirut Thompson, RC Andrew Boontanom, Parima Saksirisampant, Wilai Tan-ariya, Peerapan BMC Microbiol Research Article BACKGROUND: The glutamate dehydrogenase gene (gdh) is one of the most popular and useful genetic markers for the genotypic analysis of Giardia duodenalis (syn. G. lamblia, G. intestinalis), the protozoan that widely causes enteric disease in humans. To determine the distribution of genotypes of G. duodenalis in Thai populations and to investigate the extent of sequence variation at this locus, 42 fecal samples were collected from 3 regions of Thailand i.e., Central, Northern, and Eastern regions. All specimens were analyzed using PCR-based genotyping and recombinant subcloning methods. RESULTS: The results showed that the prevalence of assemblages A and B among these populations was approximately equal, 20 (47.6%) and 22 (52.4%), respectively. Sequence analysis revealed that the nucleotide diversity of assemblage B was significantly greater than that in assemblage A. Among all assemblage B positive specimens, the allelic sequence divergence within isolates was detected. Nine isolates showed mixed alleles, ranged from three to nine distinct alleles per isolate. Statistical analysis demonstrated the occurrence of genetic recombination within subassemblages BIII and BIV was likely. CONCLUSION: This study supports increasing evidence that G. duodenalis has the potential for genetic exchange. BioMed Central 2011-09-20 /pmc/articles/PMC3191338/ /pubmed/21933419 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2180-11-206 Text en Copyright ©2011 Siripattanapipong et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Siripattanapipong, Suradej Leelayoova, Saovanee Mungthin, Mathirut Thompson, RC Andrew Boontanom, Parima Saksirisampant, Wilai Tan-ariya, Peerapan Clonal diversity of the glutamate dehydrogenase gene in Giardia duodenalis from Thai Isolates: evidence of genetic exchange or Mixed Infections? |
title | Clonal diversity of the glutamate dehydrogenase gene in Giardia duodenalis from Thai Isolates: evidence of genetic exchange or Mixed Infections? |
title_full | Clonal diversity of the glutamate dehydrogenase gene in Giardia duodenalis from Thai Isolates: evidence of genetic exchange or Mixed Infections? |
title_fullStr | Clonal diversity of the glutamate dehydrogenase gene in Giardia duodenalis from Thai Isolates: evidence of genetic exchange or Mixed Infections? |
title_full_unstemmed | Clonal diversity of the glutamate dehydrogenase gene in Giardia duodenalis from Thai Isolates: evidence of genetic exchange or Mixed Infections? |
title_short | Clonal diversity of the glutamate dehydrogenase gene in Giardia duodenalis from Thai Isolates: evidence of genetic exchange or Mixed Infections? |
title_sort | clonal diversity of the glutamate dehydrogenase gene in giardia duodenalis from thai isolates: evidence of genetic exchange or mixed infections? |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3191338/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21933419 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2180-11-206 |
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