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Listen, You are Writing! Speeding up Online Spelling with a Dynamic Auditory BCI
Representing an intuitive spelling interface for brain–computer interfaces (BCI) in the auditory domain is not straight-forward. In consequence, all existing approaches based on event-related potentials (ERP) rely at least partially on a visual representation of the interface. This online study intr...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Research Foundation
2011
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3192990/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22016719 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2011.00112 |
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author | Schreuder, Martijn Rost, Thomas Tangermann, Michael |
author_facet | Schreuder, Martijn Rost, Thomas Tangermann, Michael |
author_sort | Schreuder, Martijn |
collection | PubMed |
description | Representing an intuitive spelling interface for brain–computer interfaces (BCI) in the auditory domain is not straight-forward. In consequence, all existing approaches based on event-related potentials (ERP) rely at least partially on a visual representation of the interface. This online study introduces an auditory spelling interface that eliminates the necessity for such a visualization. In up to two sessions, a group of healthy subjects (N = 21) was asked to use a text entry application, utilizing the spatial cues of the AMUSE paradigm (Auditory Multi-class Spatial ERP). The speller relies on the auditory sense both for stimulation and the core feedback. Without prior BCI experience, 76% of the participants were able to write a full sentence during the first session. By exploiting the advantages of a newly introduced dynamic stopping method, a maximum writing speed of 1.41 char/min (7.55 bits/min) could be reached during the second session (average: 0.94 char/min, 5.26 bits/min). For the first time, the presented work shows that an auditory BCI can reach performances similar to state-of-the-art visual BCIs based on covert attention. These results represent an important step toward a purely auditory BCI. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3192990 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2011 |
publisher | Frontiers Research Foundation |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-31929902011-10-20 Listen, You are Writing! Speeding up Online Spelling with a Dynamic Auditory BCI Schreuder, Martijn Rost, Thomas Tangermann, Michael Front Neurosci Neuroscience Representing an intuitive spelling interface for brain–computer interfaces (BCI) in the auditory domain is not straight-forward. In consequence, all existing approaches based on event-related potentials (ERP) rely at least partially on a visual representation of the interface. This online study introduces an auditory spelling interface that eliminates the necessity for such a visualization. In up to two sessions, a group of healthy subjects (N = 21) was asked to use a text entry application, utilizing the spatial cues of the AMUSE paradigm (Auditory Multi-class Spatial ERP). The speller relies on the auditory sense both for stimulation and the core feedback. Without prior BCI experience, 76% of the participants were able to write a full sentence during the first session. By exploiting the advantages of a newly introduced dynamic stopping method, a maximum writing speed of 1.41 char/min (7.55 bits/min) could be reached during the second session (average: 0.94 char/min, 5.26 bits/min). For the first time, the presented work shows that an auditory BCI can reach performances similar to state-of-the-art visual BCIs based on covert attention. These results represent an important step toward a purely auditory BCI. Frontiers Research Foundation 2011-10-14 /pmc/articles/PMC3192990/ /pubmed/22016719 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2011.00112 Text en Copyright © 2011 Schreuder, Rost and Tangermann. http://www.frontiersin.org/licenseagreement This is an open-access article subject to a non-exclusive license between the authors and Frontiers Media SA, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in other forums, provided the original authors and source are credited and other Frontiers conditions are complied with. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Schreuder, Martijn Rost, Thomas Tangermann, Michael Listen, You are Writing! Speeding up Online Spelling with a Dynamic Auditory BCI |
title | Listen, You are Writing! Speeding up Online Spelling with a Dynamic Auditory BCI |
title_full | Listen, You are Writing! Speeding up Online Spelling with a Dynamic Auditory BCI |
title_fullStr | Listen, You are Writing! Speeding up Online Spelling with a Dynamic Auditory BCI |
title_full_unstemmed | Listen, You are Writing! Speeding up Online Spelling with a Dynamic Auditory BCI |
title_short | Listen, You are Writing! Speeding up Online Spelling with a Dynamic Auditory BCI |
title_sort | listen, you are writing! speeding up online spelling with a dynamic auditory bci |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3192990/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22016719 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2011.00112 |
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