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RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/PTEN/AKT Signaling in Malignant Melanoma Progression and Therapy

Cutaneous malignant melanoma is one of the most serious skin cancers and is highly invasive and markedly resistant to conventional therapy. Melanomagenesis is initially triggered by environmental agents including ultraviolet (UV), which induces genetic/epigenetic alterations in the chromosomes of me...

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Autores principales: Yajima, Ichiro, Kumasaka, Mayuko Y., Thang, Nguyen Dinh, Goto, Yuji, Takeda, Kozue, Yamanoshita, Osamu, Iida, Machiko, Ohgami, Nobutaka, Tamura, Haruka, Kawamoto, Yoshiyuki, Kato, Masashi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3195305/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22013435
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/354191
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author Yajima, Ichiro
Kumasaka, Mayuko Y.
Thang, Nguyen Dinh
Goto, Yuji
Takeda, Kozue
Yamanoshita, Osamu
Iida, Machiko
Ohgami, Nobutaka
Tamura, Haruka
Kawamoto, Yoshiyuki
Kato, Masashi
author_facet Yajima, Ichiro
Kumasaka, Mayuko Y.
Thang, Nguyen Dinh
Goto, Yuji
Takeda, Kozue
Yamanoshita, Osamu
Iida, Machiko
Ohgami, Nobutaka
Tamura, Haruka
Kawamoto, Yoshiyuki
Kato, Masashi
author_sort Yajima, Ichiro
collection PubMed
description Cutaneous malignant melanoma is one of the most serious skin cancers and is highly invasive and markedly resistant to conventional therapy. Melanomagenesis is initially triggered by environmental agents including ultraviolet (UV), which induces genetic/epigenetic alterations in the chromosomes of melanocytes. In human melanomas, the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK (MAPK) and the PI3K/PTEN/AKT (AKT) signaling pathways are two major signaling pathways and are constitutively activated through genetic alterations. Mutations of RAF, RAS, and PTEN contribute to antiapoptosis, abnormal proliferation, angiogenesis, and invasion for melanoma development and progression. To find better approaches to therapies for patients, understanding these MAPK and AKT signaling mechanisms of melanoma development and progression is important. Here, we review MAPK and AKT signaling networks associated with melanoma development and progression.
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spelling pubmed-31953052011-10-19 RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/PTEN/AKT Signaling in Malignant Melanoma Progression and Therapy Yajima, Ichiro Kumasaka, Mayuko Y. Thang, Nguyen Dinh Goto, Yuji Takeda, Kozue Yamanoshita, Osamu Iida, Machiko Ohgami, Nobutaka Tamura, Haruka Kawamoto, Yoshiyuki Kato, Masashi Dermatol Res Pract Review Article Cutaneous malignant melanoma is one of the most serious skin cancers and is highly invasive and markedly resistant to conventional therapy. Melanomagenesis is initially triggered by environmental agents including ultraviolet (UV), which induces genetic/epigenetic alterations in the chromosomes of melanocytes. In human melanomas, the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK (MAPK) and the PI3K/PTEN/AKT (AKT) signaling pathways are two major signaling pathways and are constitutively activated through genetic alterations. Mutations of RAF, RAS, and PTEN contribute to antiapoptosis, abnormal proliferation, angiogenesis, and invasion for melanoma development and progression. To find better approaches to therapies for patients, understanding these MAPK and AKT signaling mechanisms of melanoma development and progression is important. Here, we review MAPK and AKT signaling networks associated with melanoma development and progression. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012 2011-10-12 /pmc/articles/PMC3195305/ /pubmed/22013435 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/354191 Text en Copyright © 2012 Ichiro Yajima et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Yajima, Ichiro
Kumasaka, Mayuko Y.
Thang, Nguyen Dinh
Goto, Yuji
Takeda, Kozue
Yamanoshita, Osamu
Iida, Machiko
Ohgami, Nobutaka
Tamura, Haruka
Kawamoto, Yoshiyuki
Kato, Masashi
RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/PTEN/AKT Signaling in Malignant Melanoma Progression and Therapy
title RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/PTEN/AKT Signaling in Malignant Melanoma Progression and Therapy
title_full RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/PTEN/AKT Signaling in Malignant Melanoma Progression and Therapy
title_fullStr RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/PTEN/AKT Signaling in Malignant Melanoma Progression and Therapy
title_full_unstemmed RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/PTEN/AKT Signaling in Malignant Melanoma Progression and Therapy
title_short RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/PTEN/AKT Signaling in Malignant Melanoma Progression and Therapy
title_sort ras/raf/mek/erk and pi3k/pten/akt signaling in malignant melanoma progression and therapy
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3195305/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22013435
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/354191
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