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Stable Small Animal Ventilation for Dynamic Lung Imaging to Support Computational Fluid Dynamics Models

Pulmonary computational fluid dynamics models require that three-dimensional images be acquired over multiple points in the dynamic breathing cycle without breath holds or changes in ventilatory mechanics. With small animals, these requirements can result in long imaging times (∼90 minutes), over wh...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Jacob, Richard E., Lamm, Wayne J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3210813/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22087338
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0027577
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author Jacob, Richard E.
Lamm, Wayne J.
author_facet Jacob, Richard E.
Lamm, Wayne J.
author_sort Jacob, Richard E.
collection PubMed
description Pulmonary computational fluid dynamics models require that three-dimensional images be acquired over multiple points in the dynamic breathing cycle without breath holds or changes in ventilatory mechanics. With small animals, these requirements can result in long imaging times (∼90 minutes), over which lung mechanics, such as compliance, may gradually change if not carefully monitored and controlled. These changes, caused by derecruitment of parenchymal tissue, are manifested as an upward drift in peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) or by changes in the pressure waveform and/or lung volume over the course of the experiment. We demonstrate highly repeatable mechanical ventilation in anesthetized rats over a long duration for dynamic lung x-ray computed tomography (CT) imaging. We describe significant updates to a basic commercial ventilator that was acquired for these experiments. Key to achieving consistent results was the implementation of periodic deep breaths, or sighs, of extended duration to maintain lung recruitment. In addition, continuous monitoring of breath-to-breath pressure and volume waveforms and long-term trends in PIP and flow provide diagnostics of changes in breathing mechanics.
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spelling pubmed-32108132011-11-15 Stable Small Animal Ventilation for Dynamic Lung Imaging to Support Computational Fluid Dynamics Models Jacob, Richard E. Lamm, Wayne J. PLoS One Research Article Pulmonary computational fluid dynamics models require that three-dimensional images be acquired over multiple points in the dynamic breathing cycle without breath holds or changes in ventilatory mechanics. With small animals, these requirements can result in long imaging times (∼90 minutes), over which lung mechanics, such as compliance, may gradually change if not carefully monitored and controlled. These changes, caused by derecruitment of parenchymal tissue, are manifested as an upward drift in peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) or by changes in the pressure waveform and/or lung volume over the course of the experiment. We demonstrate highly repeatable mechanical ventilation in anesthetized rats over a long duration for dynamic lung x-ray computed tomography (CT) imaging. We describe significant updates to a basic commercial ventilator that was acquired for these experiments. Key to achieving consistent results was the implementation of periodic deep breaths, or sighs, of extended duration to maintain lung recruitment. In addition, continuous monitoring of breath-to-breath pressure and volume waveforms and long-term trends in PIP and flow provide diagnostics of changes in breathing mechanics. Public Library of Science 2011-11-08 /pmc/articles/PMC3210813/ /pubmed/22087338 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0027577 Text en Jacob, Lamm. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Jacob, Richard E.
Lamm, Wayne J.
Stable Small Animal Ventilation for Dynamic Lung Imaging to Support Computational Fluid Dynamics Models
title Stable Small Animal Ventilation for Dynamic Lung Imaging to Support Computational Fluid Dynamics Models
title_full Stable Small Animal Ventilation for Dynamic Lung Imaging to Support Computational Fluid Dynamics Models
title_fullStr Stable Small Animal Ventilation for Dynamic Lung Imaging to Support Computational Fluid Dynamics Models
title_full_unstemmed Stable Small Animal Ventilation for Dynamic Lung Imaging to Support Computational Fluid Dynamics Models
title_short Stable Small Animal Ventilation for Dynamic Lung Imaging to Support Computational Fluid Dynamics Models
title_sort stable small animal ventilation for dynamic lung imaging to support computational fluid dynamics models
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3210813/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22087338
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0027577
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