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One Health: The global challenge of epidemic and endemic leishmaniasis

'One Health' proposes the unification of medical and veterinary sciences with the establishment of collaborative ventures in clinical care, surveillance and control of cross-species disease, education, and research into disease pathogenesis, diagnosis, therapy and vaccination. The concept...

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Autores principales: Palatnik-de-Sousa, Clarisa B, Day, Michael J
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3214158/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21985335
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-4-197
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author Palatnik-de-Sousa, Clarisa B
Day, Michael J
author_facet Palatnik-de-Sousa, Clarisa B
Day, Michael J
author_sort Palatnik-de-Sousa, Clarisa B
collection PubMed
description 'One Health' proposes the unification of medical and veterinary sciences with the establishment of collaborative ventures in clinical care, surveillance and control of cross-species disease, education, and research into disease pathogenesis, diagnosis, therapy and vaccination. The concept encompasses the human population, domestic animals and wildlife, and the impact that environmental changes ('environmental health') such as global warming will have on these populations. Visceral leishmaniasis is a perfect example of a small companion animal disease for which prevention and control might abolish or decrease the suffering of canine and human patients, and which aligns well with the One Health approach. In this review we discuss how surveillance for leishmaniases is undertaken globally through the control of anthroponootic visceral leishmaniasis (AVL) and zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (ZVL). The ZVL epidemic has been managed to date by the culling of infected dogs, treatment of human cases and control of the sandfly vector by insecticidal treatment of human homes and the canine reservoir. Recently, preventive vaccination of dogs in Brazil has led to reduction in the incidence of the canine and human disease. Vaccination permits greater dog owner compliance with control measures than a culling programme. Another advance in disease control in Africa is provided by a surveillance programme that combines remote satellite sensing, ecological modelling, vector surveillance and geo-spatial mapping of the distribution of vectors and of the animal-to-animal or animal-to-human pathogen transmission. This coordinated programme generates advisory notices and alerts on emerging infectious disease outbreaks that may impede or avoid the spreading of visceral leishmaniasis to new areas of the planet as a consequence of global warming.
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spelling pubmed-32141582011-11-12 One Health: The global challenge of epidemic and endemic leishmaniasis Palatnik-de-Sousa, Clarisa B Day, Michael J Parasit Vectors Review 'One Health' proposes the unification of medical and veterinary sciences with the establishment of collaborative ventures in clinical care, surveillance and control of cross-species disease, education, and research into disease pathogenesis, diagnosis, therapy and vaccination. The concept encompasses the human population, domestic animals and wildlife, and the impact that environmental changes ('environmental health') such as global warming will have on these populations. Visceral leishmaniasis is a perfect example of a small companion animal disease for which prevention and control might abolish or decrease the suffering of canine and human patients, and which aligns well with the One Health approach. In this review we discuss how surveillance for leishmaniases is undertaken globally through the control of anthroponootic visceral leishmaniasis (AVL) and zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (ZVL). The ZVL epidemic has been managed to date by the culling of infected dogs, treatment of human cases and control of the sandfly vector by insecticidal treatment of human homes and the canine reservoir. Recently, preventive vaccination of dogs in Brazil has led to reduction in the incidence of the canine and human disease. Vaccination permits greater dog owner compliance with control measures than a culling programme. Another advance in disease control in Africa is provided by a surveillance programme that combines remote satellite sensing, ecological modelling, vector surveillance and geo-spatial mapping of the distribution of vectors and of the animal-to-animal or animal-to-human pathogen transmission. This coordinated programme generates advisory notices and alerts on emerging infectious disease outbreaks that may impede or avoid the spreading of visceral leishmaniasis to new areas of the planet as a consequence of global warming. BioMed Central 2011-10-10 /pmc/articles/PMC3214158/ /pubmed/21985335 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-4-197 Text en Copyright ©2011 Palatnik-de-Sousa and Day; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review
Palatnik-de-Sousa, Clarisa B
Day, Michael J
One Health: The global challenge of epidemic and endemic leishmaniasis
title One Health: The global challenge of epidemic and endemic leishmaniasis
title_full One Health: The global challenge of epidemic and endemic leishmaniasis
title_fullStr One Health: The global challenge of epidemic and endemic leishmaniasis
title_full_unstemmed One Health: The global challenge of epidemic and endemic leishmaniasis
title_short One Health: The global challenge of epidemic and endemic leishmaniasis
title_sort one health: the global challenge of epidemic and endemic leishmaniasis
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3214158/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21985335
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-4-197
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