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The Role of Polymeric Immunoglobulin Receptor in Inflammation-Induced Tumor Metastasis of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma
BACKGROUND: Expression of the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR), a transporter of polymeric IgA and IgM, is commonly increased in response to viral or bacterial infections, linking innate and adaptive immunity. Abnormal expression of pIgR in cancer was also observed, but its clinical relevanc...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2011
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3216966/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22025622 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djr360 |
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author | Ai, Jing Tang, Qingjuan Wu, Yanlin Xu, Yang Feng, Teng Zhou, Ruiyu Chen, Yi Gao, Xin Zhu, Qingfeng Yue, Xihua Pan, Qiuming Xu, Siyun Li, Jing Huang, Min Daugherty-Holtrop, Jennifer He, Yuanzheng Xu, H. Eric Fan, Jia Ding, Jian Geng, Meiyu |
author_facet | Ai, Jing Tang, Qingjuan Wu, Yanlin Xu, Yang Feng, Teng Zhou, Ruiyu Chen, Yi Gao, Xin Zhu, Qingfeng Yue, Xihua Pan, Qiuming Xu, Siyun Li, Jing Huang, Min Daugherty-Holtrop, Jennifer He, Yuanzheng Xu, H. Eric Fan, Jia Ding, Jian Geng, Meiyu |
author_sort | Ai, Jing |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Expression of the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR), a transporter of polymeric IgA and IgM, is commonly increased in response to viral or bacterial infections, linking innate and adaptive immunity. Abnormal expression of pIgR in cancer was also observed, but its clinical relevance remains uncertain. METHODS: A human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue microarray (n = 254) was used to investigate the association between pIgR expression and early recurrence. An experimental lung metastasis model using severe combined immune-deficient mice was applied to determine the metastatic potential of Madin–Darby canine kidney (n = 5 mice per group) and SMMC-7721 (n = 12 mice per group) cells overexpressing pIgR vs control cells. RNA interference, immunoprecipitation, and immunoblotting were performed to investigate the potential role for pIgR in the induction of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). In vitro studies (co-immunoprecipitation, immunoblotting, and migration, invasion, and adhesion assays) were used to determine the mechanisms behind pIgR-mediated metastasis. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS: High expression of pIgR was statistically significantly associated with early recurrence in early-stage HCC and in hepatitis B surface antigen–positive HCC patients (log-rank P = .02). Mice injected with pIgR-overexpressing cells had a statistically significantly higher number of lung metastases compared with respective control cells (Madin–Darby canine kidney cells: pIgR mean = 29.4 metastatic nodules per lung vs control mean = 0.0 metastatic nodules per lung, difference = 29.4 metastatic nodules per lung, 95% confidence interval = 13.0 to 45.8, P = .001; SMMC-7721 cells: pIgR mean = 10.4 metastatic nodules per lung vs control mean = 2.2 metastatic nodules per lung, difference = 8.2 metastatic nodules per lung, 95% confidence interval = 1.0 to 15.5, P = .03). Furthermore, high expression of pIgR was sufficient to induce EMT through activation of Smad signaling. CONCLUSIONS: pIgR plays a role in the induction of EMT. Our results identify pIgR as a potential link between hepatitis B virus–derived hepatitis and HCC metastasis and provide evidence in support of pIgR as a prognostic biomarker for HCC and a potential therapeutic target. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3216966 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2011 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-32169662011-11-16 The Role of Polymeric Immunoglobulin Receptor in Inflammation-Induced Tumor Metastasis of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Ai, Jing Tang, Qingjuan Wu, Yanlin Xu, Yang Feng, Teng Zhou, Ruiyu Chen, Yi Gao, Xin Zhu, Qingfeng Yue, Xihua Pan, Qiuming Xu, Siyun Li, Jing Huang, Min Daugherty-Holtrop, Jennifer He, Yuanzheng Xu, H. Eric Fan, Jia Ding, Jian Geng, Meiyu J Natl Cancer Inst Articles BACKGROUND: Expression of the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR), a transporter of polymeric IgA and IgM, is commonly increased in response to viral or bacterial infections, linking innate and adaptive immunity. Abnormal expression of pIgR in cancer was also observed, but its clinical relevance remains uncertain. METHODS: A human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue microarray (n = 254) was used to investigate the association between pIgR expression and early recurrence. An experimental lung metastasis model using severe combined immune-deficient mice was applied to determine the metastatic potential of Madin–Darby canine kidney (n = 5 mice per group) and SMMC-7721 (n = 12 mice per group) cells overexpressing pIgR vs control cells. RNA interference, immunoprecipitation, and immunoblotting were performed to investigate the potential role for pIgR in the induction of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). In vitro studies (co-immunoprecipitation, immunoblotting, and migration, invasion, and adhesion assays) were used to determine the mechanisms behind pIgR-mediated metastasis. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS: High expression of pIgR was statistically significantly associated with early recurrence in early-stage HCC and in hepatitis B surface antigen–positive HCC patients (log-rank P = .02). Mice injected with pIgR-overexpressing cells had a statistically significantly higher number of lung metastases compared with respective control cells (Madin–Darby canine kidney cells: pIgR mean = 29.4 metastatic nodules per lung vs control mean = 0.0 metastatic nodules per lung, difference = 29.4 metastatic nodules per lung, 95% confidence interval = 13.0 to 45.8, P = .001; SMMC-7721 cells: pIgR mean = 10.4 metastatic nodules per lung vs control mean = 2.2 metastatic nodules per lung, difference = 8.2 metastatic nodules per lung, 95% confidence interval = 1.0 to 15.5, P = .03). Furthermore, high expression of pIgR was sufficient to induce EMT through activation of Smad signaling. CONCLUSIONS: pIgR plays a role in the induction of EMT. Our results identify pIgR as a potential link between hepatitis B virus–derived hepatitis and HCC metastasis and provide evidence in support of pIgR as a prognostic biomarker for HCC and a potential therapeutic target. Oxford University Press 2011-11-16 2011-10-24 /pmc/articles/PMC3216966/ /pubmed/22025622 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djr360 Text en © The Author(s) 2011. Published by Oxford University Press. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Articles Ai, Jing Tang, Qingjuan Wu, Yanlin Xu, Yang Feng, Teng Zhou, Ruiyu Chen, Yi Gao, Xin Zhu, Qingfeng Yue, Xihua Pan, Qiuming Xu, Siyun Li, Jing Huang, Min Daugherty-Holtrop, Jennifer He, Yuanzheng Xu, H. Eric Fan, Jia Ding, Jian Geng, Meiyu The Role of Polymeric Immunoglobulin Receptor in Inflammation-Induced Tumor Metastasis of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
title | The Role of Polymeric Immunoglobulin Receptor in Inflammation-Induced Tumor Metastasis of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
title_full | The Role of Polymeric Immunoglobulin Receptor in Inflammation-Induced Tumor Metastasis of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
title_fullStr | The Role of Polymeric Immunoglobulin Receptor in Inflammation-Induced Tumor Metastasis of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Polymeric Immunoglobulin Receptor in Inflammation-Induced Tumor Metastasis of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
title_short | The Role of Polymeric Immunoglobulin Receptor in Inflammation-Induced Tumor Metastasis of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
title_sort | role of polymeric immunoglobulin receptor in inflammation-induced tumor metastasis of human hepatocellular carcinoma |
topic | Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3216966/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22025622 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djr360 |
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