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Influence of smokeless tobacco on periodontal health status in local population of north India: A cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND: Limited studies have been published so far, which revealed the association of different types of smokeless tobacco on various periodontal health indicators, including mobility and furcation, on North Indian population. The present study has been undertaken to evaluate the effects of comm...

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Autores principales: Singh, G. P., Rizvi, Iram, Gupta, Vivek, Bains, Vivek K.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Medknow Publications Pvt Ltd 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3221089/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22135693
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1735-3327.86045
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author Singh, G. P.
Rizvi, Iram
Gupta, Vivek
Bains, Vivek K.
author_facet Singh, G. P.
Rizvi, Iram
Gupta, Vivek
Bains, Vivek K.
author_sort Singh, G. P.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Limited studies have been published so far, which revealed the association of different types of smokeless tobacco on various periodontal health indicators, including mobility and furcation, on North Indian population. The present study has been undertaken to evaluate the effects of commonly used smokeless tobacco forms on periodontal health in Lucknow, North India. METHODS: This cross-sectional study investigated the effect of commonly used smokeless tobacco on periodontal health in local population of Lucknow, for which 2045 individuals were evaluated. Amongst them, 1069 individuals were found to be using some kind of tobacco; amongst the tobacco users, n=122 were smokers, n=657 were only using only smokeless tobacco and n=290 were using both smokeless tobacco as well as tobacco in smoking form. After completing the questionnaire, all the participants underwent clinical examination for the various clinical parameters. RESULTS: The impact of smokeless form of tobacco use was significantly higher on all the periodontal health indicators, viz., plaque index, gingival index, calculus, clinical attachment loss, gingival recession, mobility, furcation, lesion, and probing pocket depth. Both duration and frequency of smokeless tobacco use significantly affected the periodontal health. CONCLUSION: The periodontal health of the general population in the region required immediate attention as majority of subjects irrespective of their habit status had onset of clinical attachment loss and gingival recession, more so amongst the smokeless tobacco users than smoking form of tobacco as well as than from non-tobacco users.
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spelling pubmed-32210892011-12-01 Influence of smokeless tobacco on periodontal health status in local population of north India: A cross-sectional study Singh, G. P. Rizvi, Iram Gupta, Vivek Bains, Vivek K. Dent Res J (Isfahan) Original Article BACKGROUND: Limited studies have been published so far, which revealed the association of different types of smokeless tobacco on various periodontal health indicators, including mobility and furcation, on North Indian population. The present study has been undertaken to evaluate the effects of commonly used smokeless tobacco forms on periodontal health in Lucknow, North India. METHODS: This cross-sectional study investigated the effect of commonly used smokeless tobacco on periodontal health in local population of Lucknow, for which 2045 individuals were evaluated. Amongst them, 1069 individuals were found to be using some kind of tobacco; amongst the tobacco users, n=122 were smokers, n=657 were only using only smokeless tobacco and n=290 were using both smokeless tobacco as well as tobacco in smoking form. After completing the questionnaire, all the participants underwent clinical examination for the various clinical parameters. RESULTS: The impact of smokeless form of tobacco use was significantly higher on all the periodontal health indicators, viz., plaque index, gingival index, calculus, clinical attachment loss, gingival recession, mobility, furcation, lesion, and probing pocket depth. Both duration and frequency of smokeless tobacco use significantly affected the periodontal health. CONCLUSION: The periodontal health of the general population in the region required immediate attention as majority of subjects irrespective of their habit status had onset of clinical attachment loss and gingival recession, more so amongst the smokeless tobacco users than smoking form of tobacco as well as than from non-tobacco users. Medknow Publications Pvt Ltd 2011 /pmc/articles/PMC3221089/ /pubmed/22135693 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1735-3327.86045 Text en Copyright: © Dental Research Journal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0 This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Singh, G. P.
Rizvi, Iram
Gupta, Vivek
Bains, Vivek K.
Influence of smokeless tobacco on periodontal health status in local population of north India: A cross-sectional study
title Influence of smokeless tobacco on periodontal health status in local population of north India: A cross-sectional study
title_full Influence of smokeless tobacco on periodontal health status in local population of north India: A cross-sectional study
title_fullStr Influence of smokeless tobacco on periodontal health status in local population of north India: A cross-sectional study
title_full_unstemmed Influence of smokeless tobacco on periodontal health status in local population of north India: A cross-sectional study
title_short Influence of smokeless tobacco on periodontal health status in local population of north India: A cross-sectional study
title_sort influence of smokeless tobacco on periodontal health status in local population of north india: a cross-sectional study
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3221089/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22135693
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1735-3327.86045
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