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Fast Mapping of Novel Word Forms Traced Neurophysiologically
Human capacity to quickly learn new words, critical for our ability to communicate using language, is well-known from behavioral studies and observations, but its neural underpinnings remain unclear. In this study, we have used event-related potentials to record brain activity to novel spoken word f...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Research Foundation
2011
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3221415/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22125543 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00340 |
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author | Shtyrov, Yury |
author_facet | Shtyrov, Yury |
author_sort | Shtyrov, Yury |
collection | PubMed |
description | Human capacity to quickly learn new words, critical for our ability to communicate using language, is well-known from behavioral studies and observations, but its neural underpinnings remain unclear. In this study, we have used event-related potentials to record brain activity to novel spoken word forms as they are being learnt by the human nervous system through passive auditory exposure. We found that the brain response dynamics change dramatically within the short (20 min) exposure session: as the subjects become familiarized with the novel word forms, the early (∼100 ms) fronto-central activity they elicit increases in magnitude and becomes similar to that of known real words. At the same time, acoustically similar real words used as control stimuli show a relatively stable response throughout the recording session; these differences between the stimulus groups are confirmed using both factorial and linear regression analyses. Furthermore, acoustically matched novel non-speech stimuli do not demonstrate similar response increase, suggesting neural specificity of this rapid learning phenomenon to linguistic stimuli. Left-lateralized perisylvian cortical networks appear to be underlying such fast mapping of novel word forms unto the brain’s mental lexicon. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3221415 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2011 |
publisher | Frontiers Research Foundation |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-32214152011-11-28 Fast Mapping of Novel Word Forms Traced Neurophysiologically Shtyrov, Yury Front Psychol Psychology Human capacity to quickly learn new words, critical for our ability to communicate using language, is well-known from behavioral studies and observations, but its neural underpinnings remain unclear. In this study, we have used event-related potentials to record brain activity to novel spoken word forms as they are being learnt by the human nervous system through passive auditory exposure. We found that the brain response dynamics change dramatically within the short (20 min) exposure session: as the subjects become familiarized with the novel word forms, the early (∼100 ms) fronto-central activity they elicit increases in magnitude and becomes similar to that of known real words. At the same time, acoustically similar real words used as control stimuli show a relatively stable response throughout the recording session; these differences between the stimulus groups are confirmed using both factorial and linear regression analyses. Furthermore, acoustically matched novel non-speech stimuli do not demonstrate similar response increase, suggesting neural specificity of this rapid learning phenomenon to linguistic stimuli. Left-lateralized perisylvian cortical networks appear to be underlying such fast mapping of novel word forms unto the brain’s mental lexicon. Frontiers Research Foundation 2011-11-21 /pmc/articles/PMC3221415/ /pubmed/22125543 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00340 Text en Copyright © 2011 Shtyrov. http://www.frontiersin.org/licenseagreement This is an open-access article subject to a non-exclusive license between the authors and Frontiers Media SA, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in other forums, provided the original authors and source are credited and other Frontiers conditions are complied with. |
spellingShingle | Psychology Shtyrov, Yury Fast Mapping of Novel Word Forms Traced Neurophysiologically |
title | Fast Mapping of Novel Word Forms Traced Neurophysiologically |
title_full | Fast Mapping of Novel Word Forms Traced Neurophysiologically |
title_fullStr | Fast Mapping of Novel Word Forms Traced Neurophysiologically |
title_full_unstemmed | Fast Mapping of Novel Word Forms Traced Neurophysiologically |
title_short | Fast Mapping of Novel Word Forms Traced Neurophysiologically |
title_sort | fast mapping of novel word forms traced neurophysiologically |
topic | Psychology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3221415/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22125543 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00340 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT shtyrovyury fastmappingofnovelwordformstracedneurophysiologically |