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Antivascular Endothelial Growth Factor Agents for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of severe visual loss and blindness over the age of 50 in developed countries. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is considered as a critical molecule in the pathogenesis of choroidal neovascularization (CNV), which characterizes the...

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Autores principales: Zampros, Ilias, Praidou, Anna, Brazitikos, Periklis, Ekonomidis, Panagiotis, Androudi, Sofia
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3228312/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22174998
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/319728
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author Zampros, Ilias
Praidou, Anna
Brazitikos, Periklis
Ekonomidis, Panagiotis
Androudi, Sofia
author_facet Zampros, Ilias
Praidou, Anna
Brazitikos, Periklis
Ekonomidis, Panagiotis
Androudi, Sofia
author_sort Zampros, Ilias
collection PubMed
description Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of severe visual loss and blindness over the age of 50 in developed countries. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is considered as a critical molecule in the pathogenesis of choroidal neovascularization (CNV), which characterizes the neovascular AMD. Anti-VEGF agents are considered the most promising way of effectively inhibition of the neovascular AMD process. VEGF is a heparin-binding glycoprotein with potent angiogenic, mitogenic and vascular permeability-enhancing activities specific for endothelial cells. Two anti-VEGF agents have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of neovascular AMD. Pegaptanib sodium, which is an aptamer and ranibizumab, which is a monoclonal antibody fragment. Another humanized monoclonal antibody is currently off-label used, bevacizumab. This paper aims to discuss in details the effectiveness, the efficacy and safety of these three anti-VEGF agents. New anti-VEGF compounds which are recently investigated for their clinical usage (VEGF-trap, small interfering RNA) are also discussed for their promising outcomes.
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spelling pubmed-32283122011-12-15 Antivascular Endothelial Growth Factor Agents for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration Zampros, Ilias Praidou, Anna Brazitikos, Periklis Ekonomidis, Panagiotis Androudi, Sofia J Ophthalmol Review Article Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of severe visual loss and blindness over the age of 50 in developed countries. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is considered as a critical molecule in the pathogenesis of choroidal neovascularization (CNV), which characterizes the neovascular AMD. Anti-VEGF agents are considered the most promising way of effectively inhibition of the neovascular AMD process. VEGF is a heparin-binding glycoprotein with potent angiogenic, mitogenic and vascular permeability-enhancing activities specific for endothelial cells. Two anti-VEGF agents have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of neovascular AMD. Pegaptanib sodium, which is an aptamer and ranibizumab, which is a monoclonal antibody fragment. Another humanized monoclonal antibody is currently off-label used, bevacizumab. This paper aims to discuss in details the effectiveness, the efficacy and safety of these three anti-VEGF agents. New anti-VEGF compounds which are recently investigated for their clinical usage (VEGF-trap, small interfering RNA) are also discussed for their promising outcomes. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012 2011-11-19 /pmc/articles/PMC3228312/ /pubmed/22174998 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/319728 Text en Copyright © 2012 Ilias Zampros et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Zampros, Ilias
Praidou, Anna
Brazitikos, Periklis
Ekonomidis, Panagiotis
Androudi, Sofia
Antivascular Endothelial Growth Factor Agents for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration
title Antivascular Endothelial Growth Factor Agents for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration
title_full Antivascular Endothelial Growth Factor Agents for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration
title_fullStr Antivascular Endothelial Growth Factor Agents for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration
title_full_unstemmed Antivascular Endothelial Growth Factor Agents for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration
title_short Antivascular Endothelial Growth Factor Agents for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration
title_sort antivascular endothelial growth factor agents for neovascular age-related macular degeneration
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3228312/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22174998
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/319728
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