Cargando…

Lipoarabinomannan and related glycoconjugates: structure, biogenesis and role in Mycobacterium tuberculosis physiology and host–pathogen interaction

Approximately one third of the world's population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis. This bacterium has an unusual lipid-rich cell wall containing a vast repertoire of antigens, providing a hydrophobic impermeable barrier against chemical drugs, th...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Mishra, Arun K, Driessen, Nicole N, Appelmelk, Ben J, Besra, Gurdyal S
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3229680/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21521247
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6976.2011.00276.x
_version_ 1782217980816392192
author Mishra, Arun K
Driessen, Nicole N
Appelmelk, Ben J
Besra, Gurdyal S
author_facet Mishra, Arun K
Driessen, Nicole N
Appelmelk, Ben J
Besra, Gurdyal S
author_sort Mishra, Arun K
collection PubMed
description Approximately one third of the world's population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis. This bacterium has an unusual lipid-rich cell wall containing a vast repertoire of antigens, providing a hydrophobic impermeable barrier against chemical drugs, thus representing an attractive target for vaccine and drug development. Apart from the mycolyl–arabinogalactan–peptidoglycan complex, mycobacteria possess several immunomodulatory constituents, notably lipomannan and lipoarabinomannan. The availability of whole-genome sequences of M. tuberculosis and related bacilli over the past decade has led to the identification and functional characterization of various enzymes and the potential drug targets involved in the biosynthesis of these glycoconjugates. Both lipomannan and lipoarabinomannan possess highly variable chemical structures, which interact with different receptors of the immune system during host–pathogen interactions, such as Toll-like receptors-2 and C-type lectins. Recently, the availability of mutants defective in the synthesis of these glycoconjugates in mycobacteria and the closely related bacterium, Corynebacterium glutamicum, has paved the way for host–pathogen interaction studies, as well as, providing attenuated strains of mycobacteria for the development of new vaccine candidates. This review provides a comprehensive account of the structure, biosynthesis and immunomodulatory properties of these important glycoconjugates.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-3229680
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2011
publisher Blackwell Publishing Ltd
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-32296802011-12-05 Lipoarabinomannan and related glycoconjugates: structure, biogenesis and role in Mycobacterium tuberculosis physiology and host–pathogen interaction Mishra, Arun K Driessen, Nicole N Appelmelk, Ben J Besra, Gurdyal S FEMS Microbiol Rev Review Articles Approximately one third of the world's population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis. This bacterium has an unusual lipid-rich cell wall containing a vast repertoire of antigens, providing a hydrophobic impermeable barrier against chemical drugs, thus representing an attractive target for vaccine and drug development. Apart from the mycolyl–arabinogalactan–peptidoglycan complex, mycobacteria possess several immunomodulatory constituents, notably lipomannan and lipoarabinomannan. The availability of whole-genome sequences of M. tuberculosis and related bacilli over the past decade has led to the identification and functional characterization of various enzymes and the potential drug targets involved in the biosynthesis of these glycoconjugates. Both lipomannan and lipoarabinomannan possess highly variable chemical structures, which interact with different receptors of the immune system during host–pathogen interactions, such as Toll-like receptors-2 and C-type lectins. Recently, the availability of mutants defective in the synthesis of these glycoconjugates in mycobacteria and the closely related bacterium, Corynebacterium glutamicum, has paved the way for host–pathogen interaction studies, as well as, providing attenuated strains of mycobacteria for the development of new vaccine candidates. This review provides a comprehensive account of the structure, biosynthesis and immunomodulatory properties of these important glycoconjugates. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011-11 2011-05-31 /pmc/articles/PMC3229680/ /pubmed/21521247 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6976.2011.00276.x Text en © 2011 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ Re-use of this article is permitted in accordance with the Creative Commons Deed, Attribution 2.5, which does not permit commercial exploitation.
spellingShingle Review Articles
Mishra, Arun K
Driessen, Nicole N
Appelmelk, Ben J
Besra, Gurdyal S
Lipoarabinomannan and related glycoconjugates: structure, biogenesis and role in Mycobacterium tuberculosis physiology and host–pathogen interaction
title Lipoarabinomannan and related glycoconjugates: structure, biogenesis and role in Mycobacterium tuberculosis physiology and host–pathogen interaction
title_full Lipoarabinomannan and related glycoconjugates: structure, biogenesis and role in Mycobacterium tuberculosis physiology and host–pathogen interaction
title_fullStr Lipoarabinomannan and related glycoconjugates: structure, biogenesis and role in Mycobacterium tuberculosis physiology and host–pathogen interaction
title_full_unstemmed Lipoarabinomannan and related glycoconjugates: structure, biogenesis and role in Mycobacterium tuberculosis physiology and host–pathogen interaction
title_short Lipoarabinomannan and related glycoconjugates: structure, biogenesis and role in Mycobacterium tuberculosis physiology and host–pathogen interaction
title_sort lipoarabinomannan and related glycoconjugates: structure, biogenesis and role in mycobacterium tuberculosis physiology and host–pathogen interaction
topic Review Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3229680/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21521247
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6976.2011.00276.x
work_keys_str_mv AT mishraarunk lipoarabinomannanandrelatedglycoconjugatesstructurebiogenesisandroleinmycobacteriumtuberculosisphysiologyandhostpathogeninteraction
AT driessennicolen lipoarabinomannanandrelatedglycoconjugatesstructurebiogenesisandroleinmycobacteriumtuberculosisphysiologyandhostpathogeninteraction
AT appelmelkbenj lipoarabinomannanandrelatedglycoconjugatesstructurebiogenesisandroleinmycobacteriumtuberculosisphysiologyandhostpathogeninteraction
AT besragurdyals lipoarabinomannanandrelatedglycoconjugatesstructurebiogenesisandroleinmycobacteriumtuberculosisphysiologyandhostpathogeninteraction