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Zofenopril and incidence of cough: a review of published and unpublished data
OBJECTIVE: Cough is a typical side effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, though its frequency quantitatively varies among the different compounds. Data on the incidence of cough with the lipophilic third-generation ACE inhibitor zofenopril are scanty and never systematically anal...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Dove Medical Press
2011
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3233529/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22162922 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/TCRM.S25976 |
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author | Omboni, Stefano Borghi, Claudio |
author_facet | Omboni, Stefano Borghi, Claudio |
author_sort | Omboni, Stefano |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVE: Cough is a typical side effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, though its frequency quantitatively varies among the different compounds. Data on the incidence of cough with the lipophilic third-generation ACE inhibitor zofenopril are scanty and never systematically analyzed. The purpose of this paper is to give an overview on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of ACE inhibitor-induced cough and to assess the incidence of cough induced by zofenopril treatment. METHODS: Published and unpublished data from randomized and postmarketing zofenopril trials were merged together and analyzed. RESULTS: Twenty-three studies including 5794 hypertensive patients and three studies including 1455 postmyocardial infarction patients exposed for a median follow-up time of 3 months to zofenopril at doses of 7.5–60 mg once-daily were analyzed. The incidence of zofenopril-induced cough was 2.6% (range 0%–4.2%): 2.4% in the hypertension trials (2.4% in the double-blind randomized studies and 2.4% in the open-label postmarketing studies) and 3.6% in the doubleblind randomized postmyocardial infarction trials. Zofenopril-induced cough was generally of a mild to moderate intensity, occurred significantly (P < 0.001) more frequently in the first 3–6 months of treatment (3.0% vs 0.2% 9–12 months), and always resolved or improved upon therapy discontinuation. Zofenopril doses of 30 mg and 60 mg resulted in significantly (P = 0.042) greater rate of cough (2.1% and 2.6%, respectively) than doses of 7.5 mg and 15 mg (0.4% and 0.7%, respectively). In direct comparison trials (enalapril and lisinopril), incidence of cough was not significantly different between zofenopril and other ACE inhibitors (2.4% vs 2.7%). CONCLUSION: Evidence from a limited number of studies indicates a relatively low incidence of zofenopril-induced cough. Large head-to-head comparison studies versus different ACE inhibitors are needed to highlight possible differences between zofenopril and other ACE inhibitors in the incidence of cough. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3233529 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2011 |
publisher | Dove Medical Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-32335292011-12-09 Zofenopril and incidence of cough: a review of published and unpublished data Omboni, Stefano Borghi, Claudio Ther Clin Risk Manag Review OBJECTIVE: Cough is a typical side effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, though its frequency quantitatively varies among the different compounds. Data on the incidence of cough with the lipophilic third-generation ACE inhibitor zofenopril are scanty and never systematically analyzed. The purpose of this paper is to give an overview on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of ACE inhibitor-induced cough and to assess the incidence of cough induced by zofenopril treatment. METHODS: Published and unpublished data from randomized and postmarketing zofenopril trials were merged together and analyzed. RESULTS: Twenty-three studies including 5794 hypertensive patients and three studies including 1455 postmyocardial infarction patients exposed for a median follow-up time of 3 months to zofenopril at doses of 7.5–60 mg once-daily were analyzed. The incidence of zofenopril-induced cough was 2.6% (range 0%–4.2%): 2.4% in the hypertension trials (2.4% in the double-blind randomized studies and 2.4% in the open-label postmarketing studies) and 3.6% in the doubleblind randomized postmyocardial infarction trials. Zofenopril-induced cough was generally of a mild to moderate intensity, occurred significantly (P < 0.001) more frequently in the first 3–6 months of treatment (3.0% vs 0.2% 9–12 months), and always resolved or improved upon therapy discontinuation. Zofenopril doses of 30 mg and 60 mg resulted in significantly (P = 0.042) greater rate of cough (2.1% and 2.6%, respectively) than doses of 7.5 mg and 15 mg (0.4% and 0.7%, respectively). In direct comparison trials (enalapril and lisinopril), incidence of cough was not significantly different between zofenopril and other ACE inhibitors (2.4% vs 2.7%). CONCLUSION: Evidence from a limited number of studies indicates a relatively low incidence of zofenopril-induced cough. Large head-to-head comparison studies versus different ACE inhibitors are needed to highlight possible differences between zofenopril and other ACE inhibitors in the incidence of cough. Dove Medical Press 2011 2011-11-29 /pmc/articles/PMC3233529/ /pubmed/22162922 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/TCRM.S25976 Text en © 2011 Omboni and Borghi, publisher and licensee Dove Medical Press Ltd. This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Omboni, Stefano Borghi, Claudio Zofenopril and incidence of cough: a review of published and unpublished data |
title | Zofenopril and incidence of cough: a review of published and unpublished data |
title_full | Zofenopril and incidence of cough: a review of published and unpublished data |
title_fullStr | Zofenopril and incidence of cough: a review of published and unpublished data |
title_full_unstemmed | Zofenopril and incidence of cough: a review of published and unpublished data |
title_short | Zofenopril and incidence of cough: a review of published and unpublished data |
title_sort | zofenopril and incidence of cough: a review of published and unpublished data |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3233529/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22162922 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/TCRM.S25976 |
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