Comparative Nephrotoxicity of Cisplatin and Nedaplatin: Mechanisms and Histopathological Characteristics

The antineoplastic platinum complexes cisplatin and its analogues are widely used in the chemotherapy of a variety of human malignancies, and are especially active against several types of cancers. Nedaplatin is a second-generation platinum complex with reduced nephrotoxicity. However, their use commonly causes nephrotoxicity due to a lack of tumor tissue selectivity. Several recent studies have provided significant insights into the molecular and histopathological events associated with nedaplatin nephrotoxicity. In this review, we summarize findings concerning the renal histopathology and molecular pathogenesis induced by antineoplastic platinum complexes, with a particular focus on the comparative nephrotoxicity of cisplatin and nedaplatin in rats.