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Tracheobronchial Manifestations of Aspergillus Infections

Human lungs are constantly exposed to a large number of Aspergillus spores which are present in ambient air. These spores are usually harmless to immunocompetent subjects but can produce a symptomatic disease in patients with impaired antifungal defense. In a small percentage of patients, the trache...

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Autores principales: Krenke, Rafal, Grabczak, Elzbieta M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: TheScientificWorldJOURNAL 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3236535/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22194666
http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/2011/865239
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author Krenke, Rafal
Grabczak, Elzbieta M.
author_facet Krenke, Rafal
Grabczak, Elzbieta M.
author_sort Krenke, Rafal
collection PubMed
description Human lungs are constantly exposed to a large number of Aspergillus spores which are present in ambient air. These spores are usually harmless to immunocompetent subjects but can produce a symptomatic disease in patients with impaired antifungal defense. In a small percentage of patients, the trachea and bronchi may be the main or even the sole site of Aspergillus infection. The clinical entities that may develop in tracheobronchial location include saprophytic, allergic and invasive diseases. Although this review is focused on invasive Aspergillus tracheobronchial infections, some aspects of allergic and saprophytic tracheobronchial diseases are also discussed in order to present the whole spectrum of tracheobronchial aspergillosis. To be consistent with clinical practice, an approach basing on specific conditions predisposing to invasive Aspergillus tracheobronchial infections is used to present the differences in the clinical course and prognosis of these infections. Thus, invasive or potentially invasive Aspergillus airway diseases are discussed separately in three groups of patients: (1) lung transplant recipients, (2) highly immunocompromised patients with hematologic malignancies and/or patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and (3) the remaining, less severely immunocompromised patients or even immunocompetent subjects.
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spelling pubmed-32365352011-12-22 Tracheobronchial Manifestations of Aspergillus Infections Krenke, Rafal Grabczak, Elzbieta M. ScientificWorldJournal Review Article Human lungs are constantly exposed to a large number of Aspergillus spores which are present in ambient air. These spores are usually harmless to immunocompetent subjects but can produce a symptomatic disease in patients with impaired antifungal defense. In a small percentage of patients, the trachea and bronchi may be the main or even the sole site of Aspergillus infection. The clinical entities that may develop in tracheobronchial location include saprophytic, allergic and invasive diseases. Although this review is focused on invasive Aspergillus tracheobronchial infections, some aspects of allergic and saprophytic tracheobronchial diseases are also discussed in order to present the whole spectrum of tracheobronchial aspergillosis. To be consistent with clinical practice, an approach basing on specific conditions predisposing to invasive Aspergillus tracheobronchial infections is used to present the differences in the clinical course and prognosis of these infections. Thus, invasive or potentially invasive Aspergillus airway diseases are discussed separately in three groups of patients: (1) lung transplant recipients, (2) highly immunocompromised patients with hematologic malignancies and/or patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and (3) the remaining, less severely immunocompromised patients or even immunocompetent subjects. TheScientificWorldJOURNAL 2011-11-20 /pmc/articles/PMC3236535/ /pubmed/22194666 http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/2011/865239 Text en Copyright © 2011 R. Krenke and E. M. Grabczak. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Krenke, Rafal
Grabczak, Elzbieta M.
Tracheobronchial Manifestations of Aspergillus Infections
title Tracheobronchial Manifestations of Aspergillus Infections
title_full Tracheobronchial Manifestations of Aspergillus Infections
title_fullStr Tracheobronchial Manifestations of Aspergillus Infections
title_full_unstemmed Tracheobronchial Manifestations of Aspergillus Infections
title_short Tracheobronchial Manifestations of Aspergillus Infections
title_sort tracheobronchial manifestations of aspergillus infections
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3236535/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22194666
http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/2011/865239
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