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An update on necrotizing enterocolitis: pathogenesis and preventive strategies
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most critical morbidities in preterm infants. The incidence of NEC is 7% in very-low-birth-weight infants, and its mortality is 15 to 30%. Infants who survive NEC have various complications, such as nosocomial infection, malnutrition, growth failure, bro...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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The Korean Pediatric Society
2011
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3250602/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22232629 http://dx.doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2011.54.9.368 |
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author | Lee, Jang Hoon |
author_facet | Lee, Jang Hoon |
author_sort | Lee, Jang Hoon |
collection | PubMed |
description | Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most critical morbidities in preterm infants. The incidence of NEC is 7% in very-low-birth-weight infants, and its mortality is 15 to 30%. Infants who survive NEC have various complications, such as nosocomial infection, malnutrition, growth failure, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity, and neurodevelopmental delays. The most important etiology in the pathogenesis of NEC is structural and immunological intestinal immaturity. In preterm infants with immature gastrointestinal tracts, development of NEC may be associated with a variety of factors, such as colonization with pathogenic bacteria, secondary ischemia, genetic polymorphisms conferring NEC susceptibility, anemia with red blood cell transfusion, and sensitization to cow milk proteins. To date, a variety of preventive strategies has been accepted or attempted in clinical practice with regard to the pathogenesis of NEC. These strategies include the use of breast feeding, various feeding strategies, probiotics, prebiotics, glutamine and arginine, and lactoferrin. There is substantial evidence for the efficacy of breast feeding and the use of probiotics in infants with birth weights above 1,000 g, and these strategies are commonly used in clinical practice. Other preventive strategies, however, require further research to establish their effect on NEC. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3250602 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2011 |
publisher | The Korean Pediatric Society |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-32506022012-01-09 An update on necrotizing enterocolitis: pathogenesis and preventive strategies Lee, Jang Hoon Korean J Pediatr Review Article Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most critical morbidities in preterm infants. The incidence of NEC is 7% in very-low-birth-weight infants, and its mortality is 15 to 30%. Infants who survive NEC have various complications, such as nosocomial infection, malnutrition, growth failure, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity, and neurodevelopmental delays. The most important etiology in the pathogenesis of NEC is structural and immunological intestinal immaturity. In preterm infants with immature gastrointestinal tracts, development of NEC may be associated with a variety of factors, such as colonization with pathogenic bacteria, secondary ischemia, genetic polymorphisms conferring NEC susceptibility, anemia with red blood cell transfusion, and sensitization to cow milk proteins. To date, a variety of preventive strategies has been accepted or attempted in clinical practice with regard to the pathogenesis of NEC. These strategies include the use of breast feeding, various feeding strategies, probiotics, prebiotics, glutamine and arginine, and lactoferrin. There is substantial evidence for the efficacy of breast feeding and the use of probiotics in infants with birth weights above 1,000 g, and these strategies are commonly used in clinical practice. Other preventive strategies, however, require further research to establish their effect on NEC. The Korean Pediatric Society 2011-09 2011-09-30 /pmc/articles/PMC3250602/ /pubmed/22232629 http://dx.doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2011.54.9.368 Text en Copyright © 2011 by The Korean Pediatric Society http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Lee, Jang Hoon An update on necrotizing enterocolitis: pathogenesis and preventive strategies |
title | An update on necrotizing enterocolitis: pathogenesis and preventive strategies |
title_full | An update on necrotizing enterocolitis: pathogenesis and preventive strategies |
title_fullStr | An update on necrotizing enterocolitis: pathogenesis and preventive strategies |
title_full_unstemmed | An update on necrotizing enterocolitis: pathogenesis and preventive strategies |
title_short | An update on necrotizing enterocolitis: pathogenesis and preventive strategies |
title_sort | update on necrotizing enterocolitis: pathogenesis and preventive strategies |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3250602/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22232629 http://dx.doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2011.54.9.368 |
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