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Understanding results: P-values, confidence intervals, and number need to treat

OBJECTIVES: With the increasing emphasis on evidence-based medicine, the urology literature has seen a rapid growth in the number of high-quality randomized controlled trials along with increased statistical rigor in the reporting of study results. P-values, CI, and number needed to treat (NNT) are...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Flechner, Lawrence, Tseng, Timothy Y.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3263226/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22279324
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-1591.91447
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author Flechner, Lawrence
Tseng, Timothy Y.
author_facet Flechner, Lawrence
Tseng, Timothy Y.
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description OBJECTIVES: With the increasing emphasis on evidence-based medicine, the urology literature has seen a rapid growth in the number of high-quality randomized controlled trials along with increased statistical rigor in the reporting of study results. P-values, CI, and number needed to treat (NNT) are becoming increasingly common in the literature. This paper seeks to familiarize the reader with statistical measures commonly used in the evidence-based literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The meaning and appropriate interpretation of these statistical measures is reviewed through the use of a clinical scenario. RESULTS: The reader will be better able to understand such statistical measures and apply them to the critical appraisal of the literature. CONCLUSIONS: P-values, CI, and NNT each provide a slightly different estimate of statistical truth. Together, they provide a more complete picture of the true effect observed in a study. An understanding of these measures is essential to the critical appraisal of study results in evidence-based medicine.
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spelling pubmed-32632262012-01-25 Understanding results: P-values, confidence intervals, and number need to treat Flechner, Lawrence Tseng, Timothy Y. Indian J Urol Symposium OBJECTIVES: With the increasing emphasis on evidence-based medicine, the urology literature has seen a rapid growth in the number of high-quality randomized controlled trials along with increased statistical rigor in the reporting of study results. P-values, CI, and number needed to treat (NNT) are becoming increasingly common in the literature. This paper seeks to familiarize the reader with statistical measures commonly used in the evidence-based literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The meaning and appropriate interpretation of these statistical measures is reviewed through the use of a clinical scenario. RESULTS: The reader will be better able to understand such statistical measures and apply them to the critical appraisal of the literature. CONCLUSIONS: P-values, CI, and NNT each provide a slightly different estimate of statistical truth. Together, they provide a more complete picture of the true effect observed in a study. An understanding of these measures is essential to the critical appraisal of study results in evidence-based medicine. Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2011 /pmc/articles/PMC3263226/ /pubmed/22279324 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-1591.91447 Text en Copyright: © Indian Journal of Urology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0 This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Symposium
Flechner, Lawrence
Tseng, Timothy Y.
Understanding results: P-values, confidence intervals, and number need to treat
title Understanding results: P-values, confidence intervals, and number need to treat
title_full Understanding results: P-values, confidence intervals, and number need to treat
title_fullStr Understanding results: P-values, confidence intervals, and number need to treat
title_full_unstemmed Understanding results: P-values, confidence intervals, and number need to treat
title_short Understanding results: P-values, confidence intervals, and number need to treat
title_sort understanding results: p-values, confidence intervals, and number need to treat
topic Symposium
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3263226/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22279324
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-1591.91447
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