Cargando…

Oncolytic Viruses: The Power of Directed Evolution

Attempts at developing oncolytic viruses have been primarily based on rational design. However, this approach has been met with limited success. An alternative approach employs directed evolution as a means of producing highly selective and potent anticancer viruses. In this method, diverse viruses...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Bauzon, Maxine, Hermiston, Terry W.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3265225/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22312363
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/586389
_version_ 1782222057061220352
author Bauzon, Maxine
Hermiston, Terry W.
author_facet Bauzon, Maxine
Hermiston, Terry W.
author_sort Bauzon, Maxine
collection PubMed
description Attempts at developing oncolytic viruses have been primarily based on rational design. However, this approach has been met with limited success. An alternative approach employs directed evolution as a means of producing highly selective and potent anticancer viruses. In this method, diverse viruses are grown under conditions that maximize diversity and then passaged under conditions meant to mimic those encountered in the human cancer microenvironment. Viruses which evolve to thrive under this selective pressure are isolated and tested to identify those with increased potency (i.e., ability to replicate and spread) and/or an increased therapeutic window (i.e., differentiated replication and spread on tumor versus normal cells), both of which have potential value but the latter of which defines an oncolytic virus. Using ColoAd1, an oncolytic virus derived by this approach as a prototype, we highlight the benefits of directed evolution, discuss methods to “arm” these novel viruses, and introduce techniques for their genetic modulation and control.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-3265225
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2012
publisher Hindawi Publishing Corporation
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-32652252012-02-06 Oncolytic Viruses: The Power of Directed Evolution Bauzon, Maxine Hermiston, Terry W. Adv Virol Review Article Attempts at developing oncolytic viruses have been primarily based on rational design. However, this approach has been met with limited success. An alternative approach employs directed evolution as a means of producing highly selective and potent anticancer viruses. In this method, diverse viruses are grown under conditions that maximize diversity and then passaged under conditions meant to mimic those encountered in the human cancer microenvironment. Viruses which evolve to thrive under this selective pressure are isolated and tested to identify those with increased potency (i.e., ability to replicate and spread) and/or an increased therapeutic window (i.e., differentiated replication and spread on tumor versus normal cells), both of which have potential value but the latter of which defines an oncolytic virus. Using ColoAd1, an oncolytic virus derived by this approach as a prototype, we highlight the benefits of directed evolution, discuss methods to “arm” these novel viruses, and introduce techniques for their genetic modulation and control. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2012 2011-07-24 /pmc/articles/PMC3265225/ /pubmed/22312363 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/586389 Text en Copyright © 2012 M. Bauzon and T. W. Hermiston. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Bauzon, Maxine
Hermiston, Terry W.
Oncolytic Viruses: The Power of Directed Evolution
title Oncolytic Viruses: The Power of Directed Evolution
title_full Oncolytic Viruses: The Power of Directed Evolution
title_fullStr Oncolytic Viruses: The Power of Directed Evolution
title_full_unstemmed Oncolytic Viruses: The Power of Directed Evolution
title_short Oncolytic Viruses: The Power of Directed Evolution
title_sort oncolytic viruses: the power of directed evolution
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3265225/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22312363
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/586389
work_keys_str_mv AT bauzonmaxine oncolyticvirusesthepowerofdirectedevolution
AT hermistonterryw oncolyticvirusesthepowerofdirectedevolution