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Measuring Time-of-Flight in an Ultrasonic LPS System Using Generalized Cross-Correlation
In this article, a time-of-flight detection technique in the frequency domain is described for an ultrasonic Local Positioning System (LPS) based on encoded beacons. Beacon transmissions have been synchronized and become simultaneous by means of the DS-CDMA (Direct-Sequence Code Division Multiple Ac...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)
2011
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3274287/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22346645 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s111110326 |
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author | Villladangos, José Manuel Ureña, Jesús García, Juan Jesús Mazo, Manuel Hernández, Álvaro Jiménez, Ana Ruíz, Daniel De Marziani, Carlos |
author_facet | Villladangos, José Manuel Ureña, Jesús García, Juan Jesús Mazo, Manuel Hernández, Álvaro Jiménez, Ana Ruíz, Daniel De Marziani, Carlos |
author_sort | Villladangos, José Manuel |
collection | PubMed |
description | In this article, a time-of-flight detection technique in the frequency domain is described for an ultrasonic Local Positioning System (LPS) based on encoded beacons. Beacon transmissions have been synchronized and become simultaneous by means of the DS-CDMA (Direct-Sequence Code Division Multiple Access) technique. Every beacon has been associated to a 255-bit Kasami code. The detection of signal arrival instant at the receiver, from which the distance to each beacon can be obtained, is based on the application of the Generalized Cross-Correlation (GCC), by using the cross-spectral density between the received signal and the sequence to be detected. Prior filtering to enhance the frequency components around the carrier frequency (40 kHz) has improved estimations when obtaining the correlation function maximum, which implies an improvement in distance measurement precision. Positioning has been achieved by using hyperbolic trilateration, based on the Time Differences of Arrival (TDOA) between a reference beacon and the others. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3274287 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2011 |
publisher | Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI) |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-32742872012-02-15 Measuring Time-of-Flight in an Ultrasonic LPS System Using Generalized Cross-Correlation Villladangos, José Manuel Ureña, Jesús García, Juan Jesús Mazo, Manuel Hernández, Álvaro Jiménez, Ana Ruíz, Daniel De Marziani, Carlos Sensors (Basel) Article In this article, a time-of-flight detection technique in the frequency domain is described for an ultrasonic Local Positioning System (LPS) based on encoded beacons. Beacon transmissions have been synchronized and become simultaneous by means of the DS-CDMA (Direct-Sequence Code Division Multiple Access) technique. Every beacon has been associated to a 255-bit Kasami code. The detection of signal arrival instant at the receiver, from which the distance to each beacon can be obtained, is based on the application of the Generalized Cross-Correlation (GCC), by using the cross-spectral density between the received signal and the sequence to be detected. Prior filtering to enhance the frequency components around the carrier frequency (40 kHz) has improved estimations when obtaining the correlation function maximum, which implies an improvement in distance measurement precision. Positioning has been achieved by using hyperbolic trilateration, based on the Time Differences of Arrival (TDOA) between a reference beacon and the others. Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI) 2011-10-31 /pmc/articles/PMC3274287/ /pubmed/22346645 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s111110326 Text en © 2011 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Villladangos, José Manuel Ureña, Jesús García, Juan Jesús Mazo, Manuel Hernández, Álvaro Jiménez, Ana Ruíz, Daniel De Marziani, Carlos Measuring Time-of-Flight in an Ultrasonic LPS System Using Generalized Cross-Correlation |
title | Measuring Time-of-Flight in an Ultrasonic LPS System Using Generalized Cross-Correlation |
title_full | Measuring Time-of-Flight in an Ultrasonic LPS System Using Generalized Cross-Correlation |
title_fullStr | Measuring Time-of-Flight in an Ultrasonic LPS System Using Generalized Cross-Correlation |
title_full_unstemmed | Measuring Time-of-Flight in an Ultrasonic LPS System Using Generalized Cross-Correlation |
title_short | Measuring Time-of-Flight in an Ultrasonic LPS System Using Generalized Cross-Correlation |
title_sort | measuring time-of-flight in an ultrasonic lps system using generalized cross-correlation |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3274287/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22346645 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s111110326 |
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